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©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jun 15, 2021; 13(6): 600-611
Published online Jun 15, 2021. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i6.600
Published online Jun 15, 2021. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i6.600
Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the three study groups
HCC group | Cirrhosis group | Control group | P value | ||
Gender | Male | 30 | 17 | 20 | > 0.05 |
Female | 10 | 13 | 10 | ||
Age (years) | mean (SD) | 60.07 ± 5.34 | 58.33 ± 8.07 | 55.2 ± 7.6 | > 0.05 |
Range | 50-68 | 37-67 | 34-62 | ||
Child-Pugh score, n (%) | A | 24 (60.0) | 19 (63.3) | Not applicable | |
B | 11 (27.5) | 8 (26.7) | Not applicable | ||
C | 5 (12.5) | 3 (10.0) | Not applicable |
Table 2 Biomarker levels in the three study groups
Table 3 Diagnostic performance of alpha fetoprotein, vascular endothelial growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor/platelet, separately and in combination, in the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma
Cut-off point | AUC | Sensitivity | Specificity | Accuracy | PPV | NPV | P value | |
AFP | 40 | 0.754 | 65.00 | 83.33 | 74.17% | 72.2 | 78.1 | < 0.0001 |
VEGF | 250 | 0.859 | 80.00 | 81.67 | 80.84 | 74.4 | 86.0 | < 0.0001 |
VEGF/PLT | 2.31 | 0.842 | 77.50 | 80.00 | 78.75 | 72.1 | 84.2 | < 0.0001 |
Combination | -- | 0.953 | 92.50 | 98.33 | 95.42 | 97.4 | 95.2 | < 0.0001 |
Table 4 Correlations between tumor characteristics (tumor size and stage) and each of alpha fetoprotein, vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor/ platelet among hepatocellular carcinoma cases
AFP (ng/mL) | VEGF (pg/mL) | VEGF/PLT | ||
Size of tumor | Correlation coefficient | 0.492 | 0.662 | 0.483 |
P value | 0.001 | 0.0001 | 0.002 | |
TNM stage of tumor | Correlation coefficient | 0.247 | 0.795 | 0.696 |
P value | 0.124 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | |
BCLC stage of tumor | Correlation coefficient | 0.382 | 0.889 | 0.740 |
P value | 0.015 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 |
Table 5 Correlations between the presence of portal vein thrombosis and each of serum alpha fetoprotein, vascular endothelial growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor/platelet levels among hepatocellular carcinoma cases
No PVT | PVT | Independent t-test | ||||
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t-value | P value | |
AFP (ng/mL) | 580.64 | 854.69 | 1143.63 | 923.42 | −1.641 | 0.109 |
VEGF (pg/mL) | 1231.56 | 907.97 | 2056.25 | 661.94 | −2.404 | 0.021 |
VEGF/PLT | 11.35 | 9.98 | 20.85 | 9.12 | −2.446 | 0.019 |
Table 6 Correlation between serum vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet count among the three study groups
Table 7 Correlation between serum alpha fetoprotein and vascular endothelial growth factor levels among hepatocellular carcinoma cases
AFP (ng/mL) | ||
r | P value | |
VEGF (pg/mL) | 0.119 | 0.4631 |
Table 8 Correlation between serum alpha fetoprotein and vascular endothelial growth factor/platelet levels among hepatocellular carcinoma cases
AFP (ng/mL) | ||
r | P value | |
VEGF/PLT | 0.175 | 0.2801 |
Table 9 Positive correlation between serum vascular endothelial growth factor; and vascular endothelial growth factor/platelet levels among hepatocellular carcinoma cases
VEGF (pg/mL) | ||
r | P value | |
VEGF/PLT | 0.925 | 0.0001 |
- Citation: Alzamzamy A, Elsayed H, Abd Elraouf M, Eltoukhy H, Megahed T, Aboubakr A. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor as a tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C virus-related cirrhotic patients. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13(6): 600-611
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v13/i6/600.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v13.i6.600