Clinical diagnosis and management of pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma: Single-center experience with 82 patients

Table 1 Patient characteristics in the two treatment groups, n (%)

Patient characteristic	MCA (n = 70)	MCC (n = 12)	P value
Age, yr, mean ± SD	46.2 ± 13.1	56.8 ± 9.4	0.0081
Sex (male:female)	5:65	2:10	0.271
Location, distal pancreas	54 (77.1)	7 (58.3)	0.280
Tumor size, cm, median (IQR)	3.5 (2.5-6.1)	5.8 (4.0-6.9)	0.0491
CEA (µg/L), median (IQR)	1.4 (1.0-2.2)	2.7 (1.6-5.5)	0.0051
> 5 µg/L	2	3	0.0211
CA19-9 (U/mL), median (IQR)	14.2 (8.5-29.1)	39.9 (13.0-71.0)	0.0261
> 37 U/mL	13	6	0.0271
CA12-5 (U/mL), median (IQR)	12.1 (7.7-19.4)	19.0 (10.8-36)	0.0371
> 35 U/mL	3	3	0.0381
Operative, minimally invasive	66 (94.3)	8 (66.7)	0.0141

¹Values are statistically significant. MCA: Mucinous cystadenoma; MCC: Mucinous cystadenocarcinomas; IQR: Interquartile range; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA12-5: Carbohydrate antigen 12-5.

Table 2 Postoperative complications of pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma (n = 70)

Feature	n (%)
Pancreaticoduodenectomy	9 (12.9)
Distal pancreatectomy	46 (65.7)
Central pancreatectomy	3 (4.3)
Enucleation	12 (17.1)
Major complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3)	4 (5.7)
CRPF	6 (8.6)
Grade B	6 (8.6)
Grade C	0 (0)
No CRPF	64 (91.4)
Biochemical Leak	36 (51.4)
Normal enzyme level	28 (40.0)
Postoperative haemorrhage	2 (2.9)
Delayed gastric emptying	2 (2.9)
90-d mortality	0(0)
Postoperative hospital stay, days, median (IQR)	6.5 (5.0-8.0)

MCA: Mucinous cystadenoma; CRPF: Clinically relevant pancreatic fistula; IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 3 Postoperative complications of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (n = 12)

Feature	n (%)
Pancreaticoduodenectomy	5 (41.7)
Distal pancreatectomy	7 (58.3)
Major complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3)	2 (16.7)
CRPF	2 (16.7)
Grade B	2 (16.7)
Grade C	0 (0)
No CRPF	10 (83.3)
Biochemical leak	6 (50.0)
Normal enzyme level	4 (33.3)
Postoperative haemorrhage	2 (16.7)
Delayed gastric emptying	2 (16.7)
90-d mortality	0 (0)
Postoperative hospital stay, days, median (IQR)	9.0 (7.3-13.5)

MCC: Mucinous cystadenocarcinomas; CRPF: Clinically relevant pancreatic fistula; IQR: Interquartile range.