Efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies

Table 1 The effect of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies in vitro and in vivo

Tumor type	MSCs type	Cell lines	Animal study	Tumor growth	Functional mechanism	Ref.
Gastric cancer	hBMSCs	SGC-7901	No	Promotion	Direct effects	[52]
	hBMSCs	SGC-7901	No	Inhibition	Direct effects	[53]
	hBMSCs	MGC-803 and BGC-823	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[54]
	hBMSCs	SGC-7901	No	Promotion	Direct effects	[55]
	hBMSCs	BGC-823 and SGC-7901	No	Promotion	Homing effects	[56]
	hBMSCs	MKN-7	No	Promotion	Direct effects	[57]
	mBMSCs	NA	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[58]
	hUCMSCs	BGC-823	Yes	Inhibition	Direct effects	[59]
	hAMSCs	BGC-823	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[59]
	hUCMSCs	HGC-27, SGC-7901	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[60]
	BMSCs	MKN-45, SGC-7901	No	Inhibition	Homing effects	[61]
	hUCMSCs	SGC-7901	No	Inhibition	Homing effects	[62]
	hMSCs	MKN-45	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[63]
Liver cancer	Murine MSCs	HepG2	No	Inhibition	Direct effects	[64]
	Murine MSCs	SMMC-7402	No	Inhibition	Homing effects	[65]
	Human fetus MSCs	H7402, HepG2	Yes	Inhibition	Direct effects	[66]
	BMSCs	NA	Yes	Inhibition	Direct effects	[67]
	Adipose derived MSCs	HepG2, PLC-PRF-5	No	Inhibition	Direct effects	[68]
	Human fetus MSCs	HepG2	Yes	Inhibition	Direct effects	[70]
	hUCMSCs	BEL7402	No	Inhibition	Direct effects	[71]
	hMSCs	H7402	No	Inhibition	Direct effects	[72]
	BMSCs	NA	No	Inhibition	Direct effects	[73]
	mBMSCs	Human HCC cells	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[75]
	mBMSCs	Human HCC cells	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[76]
	hMSCs	Human HCC cells	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[46]
	mBMSCs	HepG2	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[77]
	hBMSCs	MHCC97-H	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[78]
	Liver cancer associated MSCs	MHCC97L	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[79]
	mBMSCs	NA	Yes	Inhibition for initial stage	Direct effects	[80]
				Promotion for progressive stage
Pancreatic cancer	Rat UCMSCs	PANC02	Yes	Inhibition	Direct effects	[81]
	hBMSCs	PANC-1	Yes	Inhibition	Direct effects	[82]
	hBMSCs	BxPC-3, MIA PaCa-2	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[83]
	hBMSCs	NA	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[84]
	hMSCs	MIA PaCa-2	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[85]
	gingival derived MSCs	CFPAC-1	No	Inhibition	Homing effects	[86]
	mBMSCs	PANC02	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[87]
	BMSCs	BxPC-3	No	Promotion	Direct effects	[88]
	hMSCs	PANC-1 and BxPC-3	No	Promotion	Direct effects	[89]
	Carcinoma associated MSCs	13442 cells	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[90]
Colorectal cancer	BMSCs	Caco-2, SW480, SW620, LoVo, HT29	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[17]
	hBMSCs	HCT116, SW480	No	Inhibition	Homing effects	[91]
	mBMSCs	CT26	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[92]
	mBMSCs	CT26	Yes	Inhibition	Homing effects	[93]
	hBMSCs	HT29, SW1116, Caco-2, Lovo	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[96]
	hBMSCs	NA	No	Promotion	Direct effects	[97]
	mBMSCs	C26	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[98]
	BMSCs	HCT116	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[99]
	hBMSCs	HCT116, Lovo	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[100]
	hBMSCs	SW480, LS174T, HT29	Yes	Promotion	Direct effects	[101]
	hBMSCs	HT29, HCT116	Yes	Promotion for HT29	Direct effects	[102]
				Inhibition for HCT116
	Adipose derived MSCs	RKO, HT29, HCT116	No	Promotion for RKO and HCT29	Direct effects	[103]
				Inhibition for HCT116

MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; hBMSCs: Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; mBMSCs: Murine one marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; hUCMSCs: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; hAMSCs: Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells; hMSCs: Human mesenchymal stem cells; mBMSCs: Murine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; NA: Not applicable.