Plasma and wound fluid levels of eight proangiogenic proteins are elevated after colorectal resection

Figure 1 Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assays determined preoperative and postoperative angiopoietin 2 levels of plasma and wound fluid levels in colorectal surgery benign patients and malignant patients. A: Colorectal surgery benign patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 26), ^bP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 23), ^bP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 16), ^bP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 6), ^aP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 26) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 30), ^bP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 23) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 28), ^bP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 16) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 14), ^bP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 6) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 4); ^bP < 0.01. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range (Statistical significance is expressed as ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01); B: Colorectal surgery malignant patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 35), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 28), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 17), ^dP < 0.01; postoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 7), ^cP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid; Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 35) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 33), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 28) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 29), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 17) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 20), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 7) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 8), ^dP < 0.01. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range. Statistical significance is expressed as ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01. Preop: Preoperative; POD: Postoperative day; PLS: Plasma; WFL: Wound fluid.

Figure 2 Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assays determined preoperative and postoperative vascular endothelial growth factor levels of plasma and wound fluid levels in colorectal surgery benign patients and malignant patients. A: Colorectal surgery benign patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs. Postoperative day 1 (n = 26), ^fP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 23), ^fP < 0.01 Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 16), ^fP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 6), ns. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 26) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 30), ^fP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 23) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 28) , ^fP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 16) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 14), ^fP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 6) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 4), ^eP < 0.05. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range (Statistical significance is expressed as ^eP < 0.05, ^fP < 0.01); B: Colorectal surgery malignant patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 35), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 28), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13(n =17), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 7), ^cP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 35) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 33), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 28) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 29), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 17) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 20), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 7) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 8), ^dP < 0.01. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range. (Statistical significance is expressed as ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01 and ^eP < 0.05). Preop: Preoperative; POD: Postoperative day; PLS: Plasma; WFL: Wound fluid; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.

Figure 3 Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assays determined preoperative and postoperative matrix metalloproteinase-2 levels of plasma and wound fluid levels in colorectal surgery benign patients and malignant patients. A: Colorectal surgery benign patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 26), ^gP < 0.05; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 23), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 16), ^gP < 0.05; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14 -20 (n = 6), ^gP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 26) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 30), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 23) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 28), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 16) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 14), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 6) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 4), ^gP < 0.05; Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range (Statistical significance is expressed as ^gP < 0.05, ^hP < 0.01); B: Colorectal surgery malignant patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 35), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 28), ^dP<0.01; Preoperative vs. Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 17), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 7), ^cP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 35) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 33), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 28) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 29), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 17) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n =20), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 7) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 8), ^dP < 0.01. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range. Statistical significance is expressed as ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01. Preop: Preoperative; POD: Postoperative day; PLS: Plasma; WFL: Wound fluid; MMP-2: Matrix metalloproteinase-2.

Figure 4 Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assays determined preoperative and postoperative placental growth factor levels of plasma and wound fluid levels in colorectal surgery benign patients and malignant patients. A: Colorectal surgery benign patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 26), ^fP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 23), ^fP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 16), ^eP < 0.05; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 6), ns. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 26) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 30), ^fP <0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 23) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 28), ^fP <0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 16) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 14), ^fP < 0.01; POD14-20 (plasma, n = 6) vs POD14-20 (wound fluid, n = 4), ^eP < 0.05. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range (Statistical significance is expressed as ^eP < 0.05, ^fP < 0.0.1); B: Colorectal surgery malignant patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 35), ^dP <0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 28), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 17), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 7), ^cP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 35) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 33), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 28) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 29), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 17) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 20), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 7) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 8), ^dP < 0.01. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range. Statistical significance is expressed as ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01). Preop: Preoperative; POD: Postoperative day; PLS: Plasma; WFL: Wound fluid; PLGF: Placental growth factor.

Figure 5 Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assays determined preoperative and postoperative matrix metalloproteinase-3 levels of plasma and wound fluid levels in colorectal surgery benign patients and malignant patients. A: Colorectal surgery benign patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 26), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 23), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 16), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14 -20 (n = 6), ^gP < 0.05; Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 26) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 30), ^gP < 0.05; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 23) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 28), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 16) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 14), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 6) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 4), ^gP < 0.05. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range. (Statistical significance is expressed as ^gP < 0.05, ^hP < 0.01); B: Colorectal surgery malignant patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 35), ^jP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 28), ^jP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 17), ^jP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 7), ⁱP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 35) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 33), ^jP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 28) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 29), ^jP < 0.01; POD7-13 (plasma, n = 17) vs POD7-13 (wound fluid, n = 20), ^jP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 7) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 8), ⁱP < 0.05. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range. Statistical significance is expressed as ⁱP < 0.05, ^jP < 0.01. Preop: Preoperative; POD: Postoperative day; PLS: Plasma; WFL: Wound fluid; MMP3: Matrix metalloproteinase-3.

Figure 6 Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assays determined preoperative and postoperative osteopontin levels of plasma and wound fluid levels in colorectal surgery benign patients and malignant patients. A: Colorectal surgery benign patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 26), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 23), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 16), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 6), ^gP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 26) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 30), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 23) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 28), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 16) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 14), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 6) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 4), ^gP < 0.05. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range (Statistical significance is expressed as ^hP < 0.05, ^gP < 0.01); B: Colorectal surgery malignant patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 35), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 28), ^dP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 17), ^dP < 0.01 Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 7), ^cP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 35) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 33), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 28) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 29), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 17) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 20), ^dP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 7) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 8), ^dP < 0.01. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range. Statistical significance is expressed as ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01. Preop: Preoperative; POD: Postoperative day; PLS: Plasma; WFL: Wound fluid; OPN: Osteopontin.

Figure 7 Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assays determined preoperative and postoperative monocyte chemotactic protein-1 levels of plasma and wound fluid levels in colorectal surgery benign patients and malignant patients. A: Colorectal surgery benign patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 26), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 23), ^gP < 0.05; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 16), ^gP < 0.05; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 6), ns. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 26) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 30), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 23) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 28), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 16) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 14), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 6) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 4), ^gP < 0.05. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range (Statistical significance is expressed as ^gP < 0.05, ^hP < 0.01); B: Colorectal surgery malignant patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 35), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 28), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 17), ^gP < 0.05; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 7), ^gP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 35) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 33, ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 28) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 29), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 17) vs POD7-13 (wound fluid, n = 20), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 7) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 8), ^hP < 0.01. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range. Statistical significance is expressed as ^gP < 0.05, ^hP < 0.01. Preop: Preoperative; POD: Postoperative day; PLS: Plasma; WFL: Wound fluid; MCP-1: Monocyte chemotactic protein-1.

Figure 8 Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assays determined preoperative and postoperative chitinase 3 like protein-1 levels of plasma and wound fluid levels in colorectal surgery benign patients and malignant patients. A: Colorectal surgery benign patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 26), ^gP< 0.05; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 23), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 16), ^gP < 0.05; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 6), ^gP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 26) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 30), ^gP < 0.05; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 23) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 28), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 16) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 14), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 6) vs POD14-20 (wound fluid, n = 4), ^gP < 0.05. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range (Statistical significance is expressed as ^gP < 0.05, ^hP < 0.01); B: Colorectal surgery malignant patients. Preoperative vs Postoperative plasma: Preoperative vs Postoperative day 1 (n = 35), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 3 (n = 28), ^hP < 0.01; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 7-13 (n = 17), ^gP < 0.05; Preoperative vs Postoperative day 14-20 (n = 7), ^gP < 0.05. Plasma vs wound fluid: Postoperative day 1 (plasma, n = 35) vs Postoperative day 1 (wound fluid, n = 33), ^gP < 0.05; Postoperative day 3 (plasma, n = 28) vs Postoperative day 3 (wound fluid, n = 29), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 7-13 (plasma, n = 17) vs Postoperative day 7-13 (wound fluid, n = 20), ^hP < 0.01; Postoperative day 14-20 (plasma, n = 7) vs Postoperative day 14-20 (wound fluid, n = 8), ^gP < 0.05. Plasma and wound fluid protein levels are expressed as median and 75% quartile range. Statistical significance is expressed as ^gP < 0.05, ^hP < 0.0. Preop: Preoperative; POD: Postoperative day; PLS: Plasma; WFL: Wound fluid; CHI3L1: Chitinase 3 like protein-1.