Advances in pancreatic cancer epigenetics: From the mechanism to the clinic

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.106238

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Jul 15, 2025 (publication date) through Jul 14, 2025

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jul 15, 2025; 17(7): 106238
Published online Jul 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i7.106238

Advances in pancreatic cancer epigenetics: From the mechanism to the clinic

Jia-Dan Zhou, Hong-Zhang Shen

Jia-Dan Zhou, Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China

Hong-Zhang Shen, Department of Gastroenterology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China

Author contributions: Shen HZ conceptualized and designed the study, Shen HZ and Zhou JD conducted the literature review, and Zhou JD drafted the original manuscript; Shen HZ supervised the study, made critical revisions, and approved the final version. All authors prepared the draft and approved the submitted version.

Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82304628; and Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, No. LQ23H160047.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Hong-Zhang Shen, MD, PhD, Adjunct Associate Professor, Associate Chief Physician, Department of Gastroenterology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, No. 256 Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China. shenhongzhang@zju.edu.cn

Received: March 3, 2025
Revised: April 20, 2025
Accepted: June 3, 2025
Published online: July 15, 2025
Processing time: 135 Days and 11.4 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant cancer that is difficult to diagnose early and is resistant to conventional treatments. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNA expression, regulate gene expression without altering DNA sequences and play key roles in tumor development and treatment responses. This review discusses the epigenetic mechanisms, early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies for PC. Epigenetics, combined with immunotherapies, offers new treatment possibilities, but challenges remain, including resistance and side effects. The integration of epigenetics and precision medicine holds great potential for improving PC treatment and outcomes.