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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jun 15, 2025; 17(6): 105790
Published online Jun 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i6.105790
Published online Jun 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i6.105790
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative venous thromboembolism risk in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Chun-Rong Chen, Department of Health Information Management, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 404120, China
Hong-Liang Jin, Qian-Jie Xu, Yu-Liang Yuan, Ya Liu, Hai-Ke Lei, Chongqing Cancer Multi-omics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
Zu-Hai Hu, Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Co-first authors: Chun-Rong Chen and Hong-Liang Jin.
Co-corresponding authors: Ya Liu and Hai-Ke Lei.
Author contributions: Chen CR and Jin HL contributed to formal analysis, methodology and writing-original draft, they contributed equally as co-first authors; Yuan YY contributed to data curation and cleaning; Xu QJ contributed to formal analysis and investigation; Hu ZH contributed to formal analysis; Liu Y contributed to resources, supervision and project administration; Lei HK conceived and designed the study, and contributed to conceptualization, review and editing; Liu Y and Lei HK contributed equally as co-corresponding authors; and all the authors contributed to the article and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, and the Ethics Committee of Chongqing University Cancer Hospital reviewed and approved the research studies (Approval No. CZLS2023343-A).
Informed consent statement: Owing to the retrospective nature of the study, informed consent was waived.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are not publicly available due to local legal requirements but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Hai-Ke Lei, PhD, Associate Professor, Chongqing Cancer Multi-omics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, No. 181 Hanyu Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400030, China. tohaike@163.com
Received: February 7, 2025
Revised: April 14, 2025
Accepted: May 16, 2025
Published online: June 15, 2025
Processing time: 127 Days and 3.4 Hours
Revised: April 14, 2025
Accepted: May 16, 2025
Published online: June 15, 2025
Processing time: 127 Days and 3.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This study develops and validates a novel nomogram to predict postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Using data from 905 patients, we identified eight independent risk factors for VTE, including Karnofsky Performance Scale score, underlying disease, tumor-node-metastasis stage, chemotherapy, D-dimer, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, and fibrinogen. The nomogram demonstrated excellent discriminative ability (C-index: 0.825 in training, 0.820 in validation cohorts) and calibration. This model can accurately estimate individual VTE risk and aid in targeted anticoagulation strategies for high-risk patients.