Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Apr 15, 2024; 16(4): 1134-1153
Published online Apr 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1134
New avenues for the treatment of immunotherapy-resistant pancreatic cancer
Luis Guilherme de Oliveira Silva, Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos, Marcel Silva Luz, Samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro, Mariana dos Santos Calmon, Gabriel Lima Correa Santos, Gabriel Reis Rocha, Fabrício Freire de Melo
Luis Guilherme de Oliveira Silva, Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos, Marcel Silva Luz, Samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro, Mariana dos Santos Calmon, Gabriel Lima Correa Santos, Gabriel Reis Rocha, Fabrício Freire de Melo, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
Author contributions: Silva LGO, Lemos FFB and de Melo FF contributed to the conceptualization of the manuscript; Silva LGO, Lemos FFB, Luz MS, Rocha Pinheiro SL, Calmon MDS, Correa Santos GL and Rocha GR contributed to the investigation; Silva LGO, Lemos FFB, Luz MS, Rocha Pinheiro SL, Calmon MDS, Correa Santos GL and Rocha GR wrote the original draft; Silva LGO and Lemos FFB were responsible for manuscript editing, developing the tables and figures; Silva LGO, Lemos FFB and de Melo FF were responsible for manuscript review; de Melo FF supervised the writing of the original draft. All authors equally contributed to this paper.
Supported by The Scientific Initiation Scholarship Programme (PIBIC) of National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, CNPq, Brazil (Luz MS and Pinheiro SLR), No. 6511185733054315 and No. 3748771590681149; The coauthor Lemos, FFB is supported by the Scientific Initiation Scholarship Programme (PIBIC) of Bahia State Research Support Foundation, FAPESB, Brazil, No. 19.573.301.5418; and the CNPq Research Productivity Fellow (de Melo FF), No. 4357511882624145.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors declare no conflict of interests for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Fabrício Freire de Melo, PhD, Professor, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Hormínio Barros, No. 58 Candeias, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil. freiremelo@yahoo.com.br
Received: December 29, 2023
Peer-review started: December 29, 2023
First decision: January 20, 2024
Revised: January 26, 2024
Accepted: March 4, 2024
Article in press: March 4, 2024
Published online: April 15, 2024
Processing time: 103 Days and 5.3 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: This study aims to analyze the main mechanisms of resistance to pancreatic cancer immunotherapy and the respective methods of manipulating these processes. Thus, this review provides a compilation of the main mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy linked to the tumor microenvironment, genetic factors and those linked to T-cell immunosuppression. Finally, this study provides an insight into new avenues that can be followed to manipulate the factors linked to resistance, providing a more efficient treatment and a reduction in lethality.