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©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Nov 15, 2024; 16(11): 4326-4332
Published online Nov 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i11.4326
Published online Nov 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i11.4326
Practical hints for the diagnosis of mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms of the digestive system
Paola Mattiolo, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
Paola Mattiolo, Department of Pathology, Heinrich Heine University and University Hospital of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
Author contributions: Mattiolo P contributed to this paper, designed the overall concept and outline of the manuscript, provided the discussion and design of the manuscript, and wrote the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Paola Mattiolo, MD, Research Fellow, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, Verona 37134, Italy. paola.mattiolo@univr.it
Received: March 26, 2024
Revised: June 6, 2024
Accepted: July 15, 2024
Published online: November 15, 2024
Processing time: 212 Days and 15.4 Hours
Revised: June 6, 2024
Accepted: July 15, 2024
Published online: November 15, 2024
Processing time: 212 Days and 15.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of neoplastic diseases that share histological and immunohistochemical features. The most important factor is the uncertain presence of a neuroendocrine component. The presence of entrapped neuroendocrine cells, differential diagnosis of amphicrine neoplasms, and neuroendocrine expression in non-neuroendocrine carcinoma can lead to misdiagnosis. Current guidelines require the fulfillment of volumetric criteria, but the prognostic relevance of the current cutoff remains to be proven.