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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Aug 15, 2023; 15(8): 1332-1341
Published online Aug 15, 2023. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1332
Breast cancer metastasizing to the upper gastrointestinal tract (the esophagus and the stomach): A comprehensive review of the literature
Teresa Da Cunha, David Restrepo, Simon Abi-Saleh, Murali Dharan
Teresa Da Cunha, Murali Dharan, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
David Restrepo, Simon Abi-Saleh, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
Author contributions: Da Cunha T proposed concept for review, collected data, wrote and revised the manuscript with critical revisions; Restrepo D and Abi-Saleh S collected data, helped write manuscript; Dharan M edited the article, critical revision of the article, and final approval.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Murali Dharan, AGAF, FASGE, MRCP, Assistant Professor, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, United States. dharan@uchc.edu
Received: March 14, 2023
Peer-review started: March 14, 2023
First decision: May 16, 2023
Revised: June 1, 2023
Accepted: July 5, 2023
Article in press: July 5, 2023
Published online: August 15, 2023
Processing time: 149 Days and 11.6 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: Diagnosis if breast cancer metastasizing to the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract requires a high index of suspicion and muti-modal approach to establish the diagnosis. GI symptoms are often non-specific and endoscopic findings can be subtle. We performed a comprehensive review of the available literature on this topic.