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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jan 15, 2022; 14(1): 216-229
Published online Jan 15, 2022. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i1.216
Immune evasion mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in gastric cancer
En-Si Ma, Zheng-Xin Wang, Meng-Qi Zhu, Jing Zhao
En-Si Ma, Zheng-Xin Wang, Jing Zhao, Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
En-Si Ma, Zheng-Xin Wang, Institute of Organ Transplantation, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Meng-Qi Zhu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Jing Zhao, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Author contributions: Ma ES and Zhao J drafted the manuscript; Ma ES, Zhu MQ, and Zhao J prepared the figures and tables; Zhu MQ provided input to the writing of this paper; Wang ZX and Zhao J provided critical comments; Ma ES, Wang ZX, and Zhao J designed the outline and coordinated the writing of the paper.
Supported by The Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81672378, No. 81201521, No. 81873874 and No. 81773089; and the Clinical Research Plan of SHDC, No. SHDC2020CR2021B.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No potential conflicts of interest are disclosed.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Jing Zhao, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Urumqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China. jingzhao@fudan.edu.cn
Received: April 22, 2021
Peer-review started: April 22, 2021
First decision: June 16, 2021
Revised: June 22, 2021
Accepted: December 10, 2021
Article in press: December 10, 2021
Published online: January 15, 2022
Processing time: 263 Days and 13.7 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies with high incidence and mortality. GC can exert versatile mechanisms to induce immune evasion. Here, we systematically summarized the intricate crosstalk among GC cells and various immune cells and mainly focused on how GC cells educate immune cells to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment and facilitate GC cells from attack of the immune system. In addition, we retrieved the latest progression of immune checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapies and their combination with conventional therapies. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the immune evasion mechanism and immunotherapeutic strategies in GC.