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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jan 15, 2022; 14(1): 153-162
Published online Jan 15, 2022. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i1.153
Impact of the microenvironment on the pathogenesis of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas
Barbara Uhl, Katharina T Prochazka, Karoline Fechter, Katrin Pansy, Hildegard T Greinix, Peter Neumeister, Alexander JA Deutsch
Barbara Uhl, Katharina T Prochazka, Karoline Fechter, Katrin Pansy, Hildegard T Greinix, Peter Neumeister, Alexander JA Deutsch, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
Author contributions: Uhl B and Deutsch AJA drafted the work; all authors conceived the work and made substantial revisions to and critiqued the content; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Alexander JA Deutsch, PhD, Research Assistant Professor, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 38, Graz 8036, Austria. alexander.deutsch@medunigraz.at
Received: February 25, 2021
Peer-review started: February 25, 2021
First decision: May 3, 2021
Revised: May 16, 2021
Accepted: December 9, 2021
Article in press: December 9, 2021
Published online: January 15, 2022
Processing time: 319 Days and 13.8 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: This review summarizes and discusses the major findings in extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas with a focus on the microenvironment. It describes how long-lasting chronic inflammatory processes promote the growth of malignant cells, which can be directly mediated by bacteria and/or interaction with activated immune cells. In addition, major genetic alterations are summarized, and models of how these might be acquired are discussed. Finally, novel therapies targeting the microenvironment are described.