Published online Mar 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.979
Peer-review started: October 11, 2023
First decision: December 8, 2023
Revised: December 16, 2023
Accepted: January 24, 2024
Article in press: January 24, 2024
Published online: March 15, 2024
Processing time: 152 Days and 17.8 Hours
The early diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC) is difficult. It has the characteristics of high incidence rate and high mortality. Precancerous lesion is an important stage in the development of GC. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the primary risk factor of GC, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is closely related to tumor development. So their relationships with precancerous lesion should be further explored in order to explore the specific mechanisms of GC occurrence and find new drugs to prevent the development of GC.
Constructing a dual model of H. pylori infection and precancerous lesions of GC (PLGC) in mice is rare, and we are inspired by some recent researches. Moluodan is a traditional Chinese patent medicine and commonly used to treat digestive tract diseases. It has not yet been used for the prevention and treatment of GC. We can explore its role in the prevention of GC so that to increase its broader clinical pharmacological effects.
Our aim is to establish a double mouse model of H. pylori infection and PLGC, and find a new traditional Chinese patent medicine that can prevent the development of GC.
We established a dual model of H. pylori infection and PLGC in mice. After successful modeling, the mice were freely fed with Moluodan aqueous solution to achieve the goal of drug treatment. We observed the general condition of mice throughout the entire experimental period. Subsequently, the mice were killed to detect the infection rate of H. pylori, and the pathological changes of the gastric tissue were detected by gross observation and light microscopy. The expression of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway, EGF and c-Myc was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analyses.
Mice in the H. pylori + N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) group showed the worst performance in general condition, gastric tissue visual and microscopic observation, followed by the MNU group, Moluodan group and the control group. qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis used to detect the expression of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway, EGF and c-Myc showed that the H. pylori + MNU group had the highest expression, followed by the MNU group, Moluodan group and the control group.
H. pylori can promot the expression of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway, EGF and c-Myc and accelerate the malignant progression of gastric tissues; Moluodan can inhibit the expression of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway, EGF and c-Myc, protect the gastric mucosa, treat H. pylori -infected gastric mucous lesions, and prevent the malignant development of gastric tissues.
Moluodan has the effect of preventing the progression of PLGC, further in-depth researches can be conducted in the future to explore its deeper mechanisms of action.