Published online Apr 15, 2019. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i4.310
Peer-review started: January 14, 2019
First decision: January 26, 2019
Revised: February 11, 2019
Accepted: March 12, 2019
Article in press: March 12, 2019
Published online: April 15, 2019
Processing time: 93 Days and 2.9 Hours
The main portal vein tumor thrombus (MPVTT), which is the major complication of terminal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and causes portal hypertension, seriously affects the prognosis of liver cancer. MPVTT causes portal hypertension, which leads to many complications, such as ascites and hemorrhage of the digestive tract.
For patients with MPVTT, the ideal treatment should improve survival rate, reduce portal vein pressure, and avoid ascites and gastrointestinal bleeding, and the main objectives are to eliminate TT and recanalization of the PV.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) has been widely performed for the treatment of portal hypertension because it is minimally invasive and is reported to be effective.
Some studies have reported that treatment of HCC with 125I implantation can reduce the volume of PVTT, which can improve the survival rate of patients. Thus, data analysis was adopted to analyze patient outcome in two groups with different treatments (plus or non-plus 125I implantation). However, 125I implantation documented in the literature was in the form of particle strands, which cannot be adjusted in position and implanted in limited numbers.
125I combined with TIPS can fix the particles between the stent and the TT without the need for particle strands.
This approach allows for easier adjustment of the position of 125I and the amount of 125I being implanted. It can significantly enhance the survival rate of patients. TIPS combined with 125I can also reduce stent restenosis rate and symptom recurrence rate, and it is safe and feasible. However, the radiation dose is not uniformly distributed and particle fixation needs to be strengthened.
In the present study, we used 125I combined with TIPS for the treatment of MPVTT and fixed the 125I particles between the stent and TT, without the need for particle strands. This approach allows for easier adjustment of the position of 125I and the amount being implanted. The direction of future research should aim to find new methods that are minimally invasive and more effective.