Burud IA, Elhariri S, Eid N. Gallbladder carcinoma in the era of artificial intelligence: Early diagnosis for better treatment. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2025; 17(1): 99994 [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i1.99994]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Nabil Eid, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Division of Human Biology, School of Medicine, IMU University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. nabilsaleheid@imu.edu.my
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Letter to the Editor
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jan 15, 2025; 17(1): 99994 Published online Jan 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i1.99994
Gallbladder carcinoma in the era of artificial intelligence: Early diagnosis for better treatment
Ismail AS Burud, Sherreen Elhariri, Nabil Eid
Ismail AS Burud, Sherreen Elhariri, Department of Surgery, Clinical Campus, IMU University, Seremban 70300, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Nabil Eid, Department of Anatomy, Division of Human Biology, School of Medicine, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Author contributions: Eid N wrote, revised and approved the final draft of the manuscript; Burud IAS and Elhariri S wrote the manuscript; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Nabil Eid, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Senior Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Division of Human Biology, School of Medicine, IMU University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. nabilsaleheid@imu.edu.my
Received: August 5, 2024 Revised: October 22, 2024 Accepted: October 24, 2024 Published online: January 15, 2025 Processing time: 129 Days and 7.9 Hours
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is the most common malignant tumor of biliary tract, with poor prognosis due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options. Early detection of GBC is a major challenge, with most GBCs being detected accidentally during cholecystectomy procedures for gallbladder stones. This letter comments on the recent article by Deqing et al in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology, which summarized the various current methods used in early diagnosis of GBC, including endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) examination of the gallbladder for high-risk GBC patients, and the use of EUS-guided elastography, contrast-enhanced EUS, trans-papillary biopsy, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery, magnifying endoscopy, choledochoscopy, and confocal laser endomicroscopy when necessary for early diagnosis of GBC. However, there is a need for novel methods for early GBC diagnosis, such as the use of artificial intelligence and non-coding RNA biomarkers for improved screening protocols. Additionally, the use of in vitro and animal models may provide critical insights for advancing early detection and treatment strategies of this aggressive tumor.
Core Tip: Gallbladder carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of biliary tract, with poor prognosis due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options. Current methods available for early screening include endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) examination, EUS-guided elastography, contrast-enhanced EUS, trans-papillary biopsy, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery, magnifying endoscopy, choledochoscopy, and confocal laser endomicroscopy. Despite these established modalities, there is a need for innovative diagnostic methods, particularly the use of artificial intelligence and non-coding RNA biomarkers, to improve screening protocols and facilitate earlier disease detection.
