Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Sep 15, 2024; 16(9): 3798-3819
Published online Sep 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i9.3798
Matching traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine-based research: Advanced nutraceutical development for proactive gastric cancer prevention
Matteo Micucci, Bian-Zhao Xiang, Chen-Min Ting, Hiu-Yee Kwan, Michele Mari, Michele Retini, Sabrina Burattini, Riham Osman, Udodinma Jude Okeke, Fuad Othman Abdullah, Federico Gianfanti, Michela Battistelli
Matteo Micucci, Michele Mari, Michele Retini, Sabrina Burattini, Riham Osman, Udodinma Jude Okeke, Michela Battistelli, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy
Bian-Zhao Xiang, Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
Bian-Zhao Xiang, Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
Chen-Min Ting, Hiu-Yee Kwan, Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
Fuad Othman Abdullah, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
Fuad Othman Abdullah, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
Federico Gianfanti, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona CH6500, Switzerland
Federico Gianfanti, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano CH6900, Switzerland
Co-corresponding authors: Matteo Micucci and Bian-Zhao Xiang.
Author contributions: Micucci M and Xiang BZ initiated the work and designed the idea; Kwan HY, Ting CM, and Battistelli M prepared and collected the material and data; Micucci M, Battistelli M, Mari M, Retini M, Burattini S, Abdullah FO, Okeke UJ, Gianfanti F, and Osman R wrote the paper. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript. Micucci M and Xiang BZ are the corresponding authors. Micucci M is the corresponding author responsible for all contact and correspondence with the journal. Micucci M brings specialized knowledge in Food Chemistry, Phytochemistry, Nutraceuticals, and in vitro evaluation for the investigation of molecular mechanisms. Xiang BZ contributes his extensive expertise in clinical research, pharmacology, and pharmacological research applied to Traditional Chinese Medicine formulations. The combination of these distinct fields of knowledge ensures a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to our research. The collaboration between Micucci M and Xiang BZ ensures effective management of post-submission matters. Their joint efforts facilitate prompt and accurate responses to reviewers' and readers' queries, enhancing the overall quality and reliability of the manuscript. This effective communication is crucial for addressing diverse aspects of the research, from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. The presence of co-corresponding authors enriches the analysis and presentation of our study. Micucci M's expertise in molecular mechanisms and phytochemistry, combined with Xiang BZ's clinical and pharmacological insights, offers a thorough and well-rounded examination of the research topic. This multidisciplinary perspective not only deepens the understanding for readers but also promotes broader scientific discussions.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Matteo Micucci, Doctor, Academic Research, Professor, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Cà le Suore, 2, Urbino 61029, Italy. matteo.micucci@uniurb.it
Received: May 12, 2024
Revised: June 26, 2024
Accepted: July 24, 2024
Published online: September 15, 2024
Processing time: 119 Days and 13.2 Hours
Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC), the third leading cause of cancer-related death globally, is complex and heterogeneous. This review explores multidisciplinary investigations of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with Western medical practices, emphasizing the development of nutraceuticals for cancer prevention. Using advanced analytical chemistry and food chemistry techniques, this study investigated how TCM components may be optimized for nutraceutical development. Focusing on molecular interactions with GC pathways, particularly the NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, we examined the effects of TCM polyherbal formulas, extracts, and isolated compounds. These agents modulate apoptosis and cellular proliferation, underscoring their potential in preventive strategies. The convergence of nutraceutical and medicine food homology studies highlights a significant shift towards integrating TCM-derived compounds in a preventive health framework. This approach aims not only to enhance efficacy and reduce side effects but also to champion a preventive paradigm using personalized medicine to advance proactive health maintenance and disease prevention. The combination of TCM and western medical practices offers promising avenues for future research and practical applications in GC prevention.

Keywords: Traditional Chinese medicine; Precision medicine; Molecular network; Phytochemistry; Food chemistry; Nutraceuticals; Gastric cancer

Core Tip: This review highlights the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine-based studies in the development of nutraceuticals for gastric cancer (GC) prevention. This review focuses on molecular interactions within GC pathways, emphasizing a proactive approach to enhancing treatment efficacy and advancing preventive health strategies.