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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Nov 16, 2022; 14(11): 657-666
Published online Nov 16, 2022. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v14.i11.657
Published online Nov 16, 2022. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v14.i11.657
Current approaches and questions yet to be resolved for the prophylaxis of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis
Hirokazu Saito, Atsushi Fujimoto, Kana Oomoto, Yoshitaka Kadowaki, Shuji Tada, Department of Gastroenterology, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto City 862-8505, Kumamoto, Japan
Author contributions: Saito H, Fujimoto A, Oomoto K, Kadowaki Y, and Tada S have been involved equally and have read and approved the final manuscript; Saito H, Fujimoto A, Oomoto K, Kadowaki Y, and Tada S meet the criteria for authorship established by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors and verify the validity of the results reported.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest to declare in relation to this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Hirokazu Saito, MD, Doctor, Department of Gastroenterology, Kumamoto City Hospital, 4-1-60, Higashimachi, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto City 862-8505, Kumamoto, Japan. arnestwest@yahoo.co.jp
Received: August 14, 2022
Peer-review started: August 14, 2022
First decision: September 26, 2022
Revised: October 6, 2022
Accepted: October 25, 2022
Article in press: October 25, 2022
Published online: November 16, 2022
Peer-review started: August 14, 2022
First decision: September 26, 2022
Revised: October 6, 2022
Accepted: October 25, 2022
Article in press: October 25, 2022
Published online: November 16, 2022
Core Tip
Core Tip: To date, there are no established methods to estimate the synergistic effect of the independent risk factors on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP), and evidence of the efficacy of the combination of prophylactic measures for PEP should be discussed. Furthermore, ERCP indications in patients with asymptomatic common bile duct stones (CBDSs) and patients with suspected CBDS without evidence of stones by imaging are controversial. Further studies are warranted to estimate the synergistic effect of independent risk factors on PEP and to determine the best prophylactic measures as well as the appropriate candidates for ERCP among patients with asymptomatic CBDS and those with suspected CBDS.