Copyright
©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Safety of upper endoscopy in patients with active cocaine use
Anabel Liyen Cartelle, Alexander Nguyen, Parth M Desai, Vikram Kotwal, Jinal Makhija, Jie Yu, John Erikson L Yap
Anabel Liyen Cartelle, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, United States
Alexander Nguyen, Jie Yu, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
Parth M Desai, Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
Vikram Kotwal, Division of Digestive Diseases, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
Jinal Makhija, Division of Infectious Diseases, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
John Erikson L Yap, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
Author contributions: Liyen Cartelle A, Nguyen A and Desai PM wrote the report; Nguyen A, Desai PM, Kotwal V, Yu J, and Yap JEL designed, performed the research; Kotwal V, Yu J, and Yap JEL supervised the report; Desai PM and Makhija J contributed to the analysis.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County
Informed consent statement: Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous clinical data that were obtained after each patient agreed to treatment by written consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: We have no financial relationships to disclose.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Corresponding author: Anabel Liyen Cartelle, MD, Doctor, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, United States. anabelliyencartelle@gmail.com
Received: May 26, 2021
Peer-review started: May 26, 2021
First decision: June 12, 2021
Revised: July 1, 2021
Accepted: August 24, 2021
Article in press: August 24, 2021
Published online: October 16, 2021
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background
Procedure delay in patients with a recent history of cocaine use due to concerns of possible adverse events can compromise patient care and incur undue healthcare costs.
Research motivation
There is a paucity of literature available to risk stratify patients with recent cocaine use undergoing endoscopic procedures.
Research objectives
We endeavored in this study to evaluate the relative safety of performing an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in this specific patient population.
Research methods
Pre- and post-procedure hemodynamics were recorded and as well as frequency of adverse events. Using statistical tests including t-test, chi-square, Wilcoxon rank sum, and Fisher exact test, our data analysis results suggested no statistically significant differences in periprocedural adverse events or clinically significant hemodynamic disturbances in active (< 5 d) vs remote cocaine users (> 5 d).
Research results
Our study found no significant difference in the rate of periprocedural adverse events during EGD in patients with recent vs remote use of cocaine.
Research conclusions
Performing an EGD in patients with recent cocaine use appears to be safe.
Research perspectives
Given the retrospective nature of this study, we hope our results generate more interest to explore this topic further in larger, prospective studies.
