Rodrigues BL, Mazzaro MC, Nagasako CK, Ayrizono MLS, Fagundes JJ, Leal RF. Assessment of disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases: Non-invasive biomarkers and endoscopic scores. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2020; 12(12): 504-520 [PMID: 33362904 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v12.i12.504]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Raquel Franco Leal, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Research Scientist, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Gastrocenter, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carlos Chagas Street, 420, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil. rafranco.unicamp@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Dec 16, 2020; 12(12): 504-520 Published online Dec 16, 2020. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v12.i12.504
Assessment of disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases: Non-invasive biomarkers and endoscopic scores
Bruno Lima Rodrigues, Márcia Carolina Mazzaro, Cristiane Kibune Nagasako, Maria de Lourdes Setsuko Ayrizono, João José Fagundes, Raquel Franco Leal
Bruno Lima Rodrigues, Márcia Carolina Mazzaro, Maria de Lourdes Setsuko Ayrizono, João José Fagundes, Raquel Franco Leal, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Gastrocenter, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
Cristiane Kibune Nagasako, Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrocenter, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
Author contributions: All authors wrote this manuscript and contributed to its final revision.
Supported byNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), No. 301388/2018-0; Funding for Education, Research and Extension Support (FAEPEX), University of Campinas.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Raquel Franco Leal, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Research Scientist, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Gastrocenter, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Carlos Chagas Street, 420, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil. rafranco.unicamp@gmail.com
Received: July 1, 2020 Peer-review started: July 1, 2020 First decision: September 21, 2020 Revised: October 6, 2020 Accepted: November 5, 2020 Article in press: November 5, 2020 Published online: December 16, 2020 Processing time: 164 Days and 8.2 Hours
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) comprise two major forms: Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The diagnosis of IBD is based on clinical symptoms combined with results found in endoscopic and radiological examinations. In addition, the discovery of biomarkers has significantly improved the diagnosis and management of IBD. Several potential genetic, serological, fecal, microbial, histological and immunological biomarkers have been proposed for IBD, and they have been evaluated for clinical routine and clinical trials. Ileocolonoscopy, especially with biopsy collection, has been considered the standard method to diagnose IBD and to assess clinical activity of the disease, but it is limited to the colon and terminal ileum and is considered invasive. For this reason, non-invasive biomarkers are necessary for this type of chronic inflammatory disease, which affects mostly young individuals, as they are expected to have a long follow-up.
Core Tip: Biomarkers are relevant for diagnostic support, differentiation between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, determination of disease activity, and in prediction of response to therapy. This review discusses the most recent studies that correlate non-invasive clinical biomarkers of disease activity with the endoscopic scores available in clinical practice.
