Kotlyarov SN. Metabolic and immune links between sarcopenia and liver disease. World J Hepatol 2025; 17(8): 109444 [DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v17.i8.109444]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Stanislav Nikolaevich Kotlyarov, PhD, Professor, Department of Nurse, Ryazan State Medical University, Russian Federation, Vysokovoltnaya 9, Ryazan 390005, Russia. skmr1@yandex.ru
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Editorial
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Hepatol. Aug 27, 2025; 17(8): 109444 Published online Aug 27, 2025. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v17.i8.109444
Metabolic and immune links between sarcopenia and liver disease
Stanislav Nikolaevich Kotlyarov
Stanislav Nikolaevich Kotlyarov, Department of Nurse, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan 390005, Russia
Author contributions: Kotlyarov SN contributed to conceptualization, methodology, validation, resources, data curation, writing original draft preparation, review and editing, supervision, and project administration.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author reports no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Stanislav Nikolaevich Kotlyarov, PhD, Professor, Department of Nurse, Ryazan State Medical University, Russian Federation, Vysokovoltnaya 9, Ryazan 390005, Russia. skmr1@yandex.ru
Received: May 12, 2025 Revised: May 25, 2025 Accepted: July 24, 2025 Published online: August 27, 2025 Processing time: 108 Days and 21 Hours
Abstract
Skeletal muscles perform important metabolic functions. Muscle mass wasting in sarcopenia is an urgent problem of modern medicine, the interest in which is related to its prognostic significance. The liver has numerous direct and indirect metabolic and immune connections with skeletal muscle and disruptions of these connections in liver disease are of clinical interest. A recent article by Liang et al emphasized potential biomarkers of sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis. Identification of biomarkers of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis has important diagnostic value. Common pathophysiologic mechanisms of sarcopenia and liver cirrhosis include disorders of protein and energy metabolism, disturbances in the structure of gut microbiota, inflammation and oxidative stress.
Core Tip: Sarcopenia is characterized by loss of mass, strength, and skeletal muscle function. Skeletal muscle has numerous direct and indirect metabolic and immune links with the liver, which are disrupted in diseases such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cirrhosis. Disruption of these links contributes to the premature development of sarcopenia, which further worsens the course of these diseases and the prognosis.
