Melatonin regulation and the function of the periodontal ligament: Future perspective and challenges

Table 1 Effect of Melatonin on periodontal ligament stem cells

Effect	Description
Reduces oxidative stress	Melatonin neutralizes free radicals, protecting PDLSCs from oxidative damage
Enhances cell survival	Promotes the survival and regeneration of PDLSCs under stress conditions
Anti-inflammatory	Reduces inflammation, helping to maintain a healthy environment for PDLSCs
Stimulates antioxidant enzymes	Increases the production of natural antioxidants like glutathione
Supports tissue repair	Aids in the repair and regeneration of periodontal tissue
Inhibits apoptosis	Prevents programmed cell death, improving the longevity of PDLSCs

PDLSCs: Periodontal ligament stem cells.