Updates in the pathophysiological mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease: Emerging role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Figure 1 An agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA fragments showed SRY gene in recipient female rats for bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in Parkinson’s disease model. Lane (M) represents DNA ladder; Lane (1) represents ovariectomized control sample; Lane (2) represents sample from PD group treated with BM-MSCs. PD: Parkinson’s disease; BM-MSCs: Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Figure 2 Immunohistochemical examination of survivin expression in Parkinson’s disease model groups. A: Ovariectomized control; B: PD untreated; C: PD + BM-MSCs. PD: Parkinson’s disease; BM-MSCs: Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Figure 3 Photomicrograph of brain section of: A: Ovariectomized control group shows congestion in blood vessels of striatum (v) (H and E × 80); B: untreated Parkinson’s disease (PD) group shows congestion in blood vessels and capillaries of striatum (v) (H and E × 80); C: Untreated PD: Parkinson’s disease group shows hyalinization with plaques formation in the matrix of striatum (H and E × 160); and D: PD group treated with bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells shows intact histological structure of the striatum (H and E × 80).