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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Stem Cells. Jan 26, 2025; 17(1): 102280
Published online Jan 26, 2025. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i1.102280
Published online Jan 26, 2025. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i1.102280
Protective activity of adipose-derived stem cell extracellular vesicles in ischemia and/or reperfusion
Alexander E Berezin, Internal Medicine-II, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria
Author contributions: Berezin AE wrote, revised the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript published.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author reports no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Alexander E Berezin, MD, PhD, Professor, Internal Medicine-II, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse, 21, Salzburg 5020, Austria.
Received: October 13, 2024
Revised: December 15, 2024
Accepted: January 9, 2025
Published online: January 26, 2025
Processing time: 98 Days and 10.9 Hours
Revised: December 15, 2024
Accepted: January 9, 2025
Published online: January 26, 2025
Processing time: 98 Days and 10.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Extracellular vesicles, which are specifically derived from immunoregulatory cells such as mesenchymal stem cells or cardiac progenitor cells, have been shown to be important mediators of intercellular communication. They are ideally suited for cell-free regenerative cardiac therapy due to their low immunogenicity and high level of active molecule delivery safety. Extracellular vesicles derived from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell seem to show cardiac protective effects through their ability to deliver miR-21-5p acting via thioredoxin-interacting protein-thioredoxin complexes and subsequently to mediate anti-ischemic and antioxidant effects in ischemia and/or reperfusion injury.