Published online Jan 26, 2014. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i1.65
Revised: November 18, 2013
Accepted: December 12, 2013
Published online: January 26, 2014
Processing time: 170 Days and 23.4 Hours
Adult stem cells have a great potential to treat various diseases. For these cell-based therapies, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are one of the most promising stem cell types, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). ESCs and iPSCs have taken center stage due to their pluripotency. However, ESCs and iPSCs have limitations in ethical issues and in identification of characteristics, respectively. Unlike ESCs and iPSCs, ADSCs do not have such limitations and are not only easily obtained but also uniquely expandable. ADSCs can differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes and neurons under specific differentiation conditions, and these kinds of differentiation potential of ADSCs could be applied in regenerative medicine e.g., skin reconstruction, bone and cartilage formation, etc. In this review, the current status of ADSC isolation, differentiation and their therapeutic applications are discussed.
Core tip: Adult stem cells have a great potential for reconstructive and regenerative medicine. Particularly, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a promising useful cell source for cell-based therapy because of their capability of expansion and differentiation into special cell types. In this review, the current status of ADSC isolation, differentiation and their therapeutic applications are discussed.