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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Autologous and allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies for diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Raisa A Aringazina, Afshin Zare, Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi, Nurgul Abenova, Nadiar Maratovich Mussin, Amin Tamadon
Raisa A Aringazina, Department of Internal Medicine No. 2, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030019, Kazakhstan
Afshin Zare, Drug Discovery and Development Industry, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan
Nurgul Abenova, Department of Family Medicine No. 2, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030019, Kazakhstan
Nadiar Maratovich Mussin, Department of General Surgery, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030019, Kazakhstan
Amin Tamadon, Department of Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan
Author contributions: Aringazina RA, Zare A, and Tamadon A contributed to the design of the study; Aringazina RA and Zare A contributed to the conception, acquisition, and writing of the manuscript; Mousavi SM and Tamadon A participated in the data analysis and interpretation; Aringazina RA, Zare A, Abenova N, and Mussin NM contributed to the acquisition and analysis of experimental data and manuscript writing; Aringazina RA, Zare A, Mousavi SM, Abenova N, Mussin NM and Tamadon A contributed to the manuscript revision; Aringazina RA and Tamadon A played key roles in the conceptualization, as well as the writing and revision of the manuscript. Tamadon A will serve as the primary contact for communication with the journal during the manuscript submission, peer review, and publication processes. Tamadon A will be the primary contact for communication with the journal. He is responsible for ensuring the completion of all journal administrative requirements, including providing authorship details, ethics committee approval documentation, clinical trial registration documentation, and gathering conflict-of-interest forms and statements. Moreover, detailed data about the author contributions are mentioned below. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported by Clinical Variants of Metabolic Syndrome and Hormonal Mechanisms of its Formation in the Residents of Aktobe City, No. 8/5-1-04/1-36/1.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Corresponding author: Amin Tamadon, PhD, Full Professor, Department of Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, No. 60 Maresiev Street, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan.
aminatamddon@yahoo.com
Received: April 8, 2025
Revised: May 1, 2025
Accepted: July 3, 2025
Published online: July 26, 2025
Processing time: 107 Days and 23.4 Hours
BACKGROUND
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health concern, characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Traditional treatments often fail to address underlying mechanisms, necessitating alternative therapies. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have shown promise due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. However, evidence on their efficacy and safety in type 2 DM remains limited and further evaluation is needed.
AIM
To evaluate the safety, efficacy and therapeutic potential of MSC-based therapies in type 2 DM.
METHODS
This systematic review analyzed studies published between 2000 and 2025, focusing on autologous and allogeneic MSC therapies in DM. Studies were identified from various databases, including clinical and preclinical trials. Outcomes related to glycemic control, insulin requirements, β-cell function, and safety were assessed.
RESULTS
MSC-based therapies significantly improved glycemic control, reduced insulin requirements and enhanced β-cell function in both clinical and preclinical settings. Safety profiles were favorable, with minimal adverse effects observed, primarily transient and self-limiting. No fatal events were reported. Variability in treatment outcomes and the need for standardized protocols were challenges.
CONCLUSION
MSC-based therapies offer a promising alternative to conventional DM treatments, significantly improving glycemic control and safety. Further research is needed to refine protocols and confirm long-term efficacy.
Core Tip: This comprehensive review explores the potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies, both autologous and allogeneic, for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study evaluates the safety, efficacy, and therapeutic benefits of MSCs, highlighting improvements in glycemic control, reductions in insulin requirements and enhanced β-cell function. While MSC-based therapies show promising results with minimal adverse effects, challenges remain in standardizing treatment protocols. Future research should aim to refine these therapies and assess their long-term effects through large-scale clinical trials.
