Copyright
©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 21, 2019; 25(43): 6451-6464
Published online Nov 21, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i43.6451
Published online Nov 21, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i43.6451
Table 1 General clinicopathological data, n (%)
Variable | All patients (n = 1608) | Training set (n = 1104) | Testing set (n = 504) |
Age (yr) | |||
< 57 | 593 (36.9) | 413 (37.4) | 180 (35.7) |
57-74 | 838 (52.1) | 565 (51.2) | 273 (54.2) |
> 74 | 177 (11.0) | 126 (11.4) | 51 (10.1) |
Sex | |||
Female | 412 (25.6) | 299 (27.1) | 113 (22.4) |
Male | 1196 (74.4) | 805 (72.9) | 391 (77.6) |
BMI | |||
< 18.5 | 156 (9.7) | 98 (8.9) | 58 (11.5) |
18.5-23.5 | 960 (59.7) | 670 (60.7) | 290 (57.5) |
> 23.5 | 492 (30.6) | 336 (30.4) | 156 (31.0) |
CEA | |||
< 2.8 | 932 (58.0) | 626 (56.7) | 306 (60.7) |
2.8-4.8 | 328 (20.4) | 226 (20.5) | 102 (20.2) |
> 4.8 | 348 (21.6) | 252 (22.8) | 96 (19.0) |
CA199 | |||
< 15.0 | 1043 (64.9) | 696 (63.0) | 347 (68.8) |
15.0-39.2 | 348 (21.6) | 255 (23.1) | 93 (18.5) |
> 39.2 | 217 (13.5) | 153 (13.9) | 64 (12.7) |
AFP | |||
< 2 | 496 (30.8) | 344 (31.2) | 152 (30.2) |
2-5.29 | 916 (57.0) | 631 (57.2) | 285 (56.5) |
> 5.3 | 196 (12.2) | 129 (11.7) | 67 (13.3) |
NLR | |||
< 1.91 | 632 (39.3) | 422 (38.2) | 210 (41.7) |
1.91-3.87 | 753 (46.8) | 525 (47.6) | 228 (45.2) |
> 3.87 | 223 (13.9) | 157 (14.2) | 66 (13.1) |
PLR | |||
< 89.5 | 258 (16.0) | 177 (16.0) | 81 (16.1) |
89.5-162.3 | 777 (48.3) | 540 (48.9) | 237 (47.0) |
>162.3 | 573 (35.6) | 387 (35.1) | 186 (36.9) |
AGR | |||
< 6.59 | 474 (29.5) | 332 (30.1) | 142 (28.2) |
6.59-7.81 | 612 (38.1) | 426 (38.6) | 186 (36.9) |
> 7.81 | 522 (32.5) | 346 (31.3) | 176 (34.9) |
PNI | |||
< 371 | 495 (30.8) | 347 (31.4) | 148 (29.4) |
371-430 | 771 (47.9) | 531 (48.1) | 240 (47.6) |
> 430 | 342 (21.3) | 226 (20.5) | 116 (23.0) |
ASA | |||
I | 983 (61.1) | 677 (61.3) | 306 (60.7) |
II | 561 (34.9) | 379 (34.3) | 182 (36.1) |
III-IV | 64 (4.0) | 48 (4.3) | 16 (3.2) |
Comorbidity | |||
No | 1133 (70.5) | 779 (70.6) | 354 (70.2) |
Yes | 475 (29.5) | 325 (29.4) | 150 (29.8) |
Primary site | |||
Lower | 671 (41.7) | 476 (43.1) | 195 (38.7) |
Middle | 350 (21.8) | 231 (20.9) | 119 (23.6) |
Upper | 401 (24.9) | 257 (23.3) | 144 (28.6) |
Overlapping | 186 (11.6) | 140 (12.7) | 46 (9.1) |
Tumor size (mm) | |||
< 30 | 578 (35.9) | 404 (36.6) | 174 (34.5) |
30-60 | 711 (44.2) | 477 (43.2) | 234 (46.4) |
> 60 | 319 (19.8) | 223 (20.2) | 96 (19.0) |
cT | |||
T1 | 167 (10.4) | 108 (9.8) | 59 (11.7) |
T2 | 185 (11.5) | 135 (12.2) | 50 (9.9) |
T3 | 429 (26.7) | 292 (26.4) | 137 (27.2) |
T4 | 827 (51.4) | 569 (51.5) | 258 (51.2) |
cN | |||
N0 | 662 (41.2) | 457 (41.4) | 205 (40.7) |
N1 | 376 (23.4) | 257 (23.3) | 119 (23.6) |
N2 | 362 (22.5) | 245 (22.2) | 117 (23.2) |
N3 | 208 (12.9) | 145 (13.1) | 63 (12.5) |
Follow-up duration (mo) | 48 (3-91) | 48 (3-91) | 50 (3-89) |
Table 2 Univariate logistics regression analysis of risk factors for the 3-year survival
Variable | Training set | |||
OR | 95CI | P value | ||
Age (yr) | ||||
< 57 | REF | |||
57-74 | 0.38 | 0.25 | 0.58 | < 0.001 |
> 74 | 0.63 | 0.42 | 0.93 | 0.020 |
Sex | ||||
Male | REF | |||
Female | 0.96 | 0.72 | 1.29 | 0.782 |
BMI | ||||
< 18.5 | REF | |||
18.5-23.5 | 3.04 | 1.90 | 4.85 | < 0.001 |
> 23.5 | 1.28 357 | 0.95 | 1.73 | 0.111 |
CEA | ||||
< 2.8 | REF | |||
2.8-4.8 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.45 | < 0.001 |
> 4.8 | 0.46 | 0.31 | 0.67 | < 0.001 |
CA199 | ||||
< 15.0 | REF | |||
15.0-39.2 | 0.20 | 0.14 | 0.29 | < 0.001 |
> 39.2 | 0.33 | 0.22 | 0.50 | < 0.001 |
AFP | ||||
< 2 | REF | < 0.001 | ||
2-5.29 | 0.78 | 0.51 | 1.18 | 0.240 |
> 5.3 | 0.50 | 0.33 | 0.74 | 0.001 |
NLR | ||||
< 1.91 | REF | |||
1.91-3.87 | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.48 | < 0.001 |
> 3.87 | 0.48 | 0.33 | 0.69 | < 0.001 |
PLR | ||||
< 89.5 | REF | |||
89.5-162.3 | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.42 | < 0.001 |
> 162.3 | 0.59 | 0.45 | 0.78 | < 0.001 |
AGR | ||||
< 6.59 | REF | |||
6.59-7.81 | 2.11 | 1.50 | 2.98 | < 0.001 |
> 7.81 | 1.58 | 1.13 | 2.20 | 0.007 |
PNI | ||||
< 371 | REF | |||
371-430 | 3.98 | 2.62 | 6.06 | < 0.001 |
> 430 | 1.94 | 1.29 | 2.92 | 0.002 |
ASA | ||||
I | REF | |||
II | 0.44 | 0.24 | 0.79 | 0.006 |
III-IV | 0.53 | 0.29 | 0.97 | 0.041 |
Comorbidity | ||||
No | REF | |||
Yes | 0.99 | 0.74 | 1.31 | 0.933 |
Primary site | ||||
Lower | REF | |||
Middle | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.45 | < 0.001 |
Upper | 0.54 | 0.35 | 0.83 | 0.001 |
Overlapping lesion of the stomach | 0.47 | 0.31 | 0.73 | < 0.001 |
Tumor size (mm) | ||||
< 30 | REF | |||
30-60 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.13 | < 0.001 |
> 60 | 0.43 | 0.31 | 0.60 | < 0.001 |
cT | ||||
T1 | REF | |||
T2 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.13 | < 0.001 |
T3 | 0.18 | 0.11 | 0.32 | < 0.001 |
T4 | 0.24 | 0.17 | 0.34 | < 0.001 |
cN | ||||
N0 | REF | |||
N1 | 0.18 | 0.12 | 0.27 | < 0.001 |
N2 | 0.28 | 0.18 | 0.43 | < 0.001 |
N3 | 0.67 | 0.44 | 1.007 | 0.054 |
Table 3 Comparison of the area under the curve values and Harrell’s C index between the pathological TNM stage, clinical TNM stage, and preoperative artificial neural network
Training set | Testing set | Bio-ANN | Cli-ANN | |||||
Preope-ANN | cTNM | pTNM | Preope-ANN | cTNM | pTNM | |||
Harrell’s C index | 0.773 (0.753-0.795) | 0.663 (0.640-0.687) | 0.757 (0.735-0.779) | 0.752 (0.719-0.785) | 0.652 (0.615-0.688) | 0.740 (0.707-0.775) | 0.722 (0.698-0.746) | 0.760 (0.738-0.782) |
P value | < 0.001 | 0.120 | < 0.001 | 0.539 | aP < 0.001; bP = 0.000; cP = 0.018 | dP < 0.001 eP < 0.000; fP = 0.827 | ||
AIC | 4977.83 | 5176.70 | 4999.80 | 1952.94 | 2020.37 | 1951.84 | 5115.9 | 5011.9 |
Relative likelihood | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | <0.001 | 1.733 | aP < 0.001; bP > 1 cP < 0.001 | dP = 0.001 E > 1 fP = 0.06 |
- Citation: Que SJ, Chen QY, Qing-Zhong, Liu ZY, Wang JB, Lin JX, Lu J, Cao LL, Lin M, Tu RH, Huang ZN, Lin JL, Zheng HL, Li P, Zheng CH, Huang CM, Xie JW. Application of preoperative artificial neural network based on blood biomarkers and clinicopathological parameters for predicting long-term survival of patients with gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25(43): 6451-6464
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i43/6451.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i43.6451