Hepatitis C virus relies on lipoproteins for its life cycle

Table 1 Components of lipoprotein metabolism involved in hepatitis C virus life cycle

Name	Lipoprotein association	Main function	HCV life cycle step	Function	Ref.
GAGs		Lipoproteins adsorption	Entry	LVP adsorption	[33-36,40]
LDLR		apoE- and apoB-containing lipoproteins receptor	Entry	LVP binding	[37-44]
			RNA replication	Cellular distribution of lipids	[42]
ApoB	VLDL and LDL	Structural protein of VLDL/LDL	Virion production	?	[102-105,110]
ApoE	VLDL, LDL and HDL	Ligand of LDL receptor	Entry	GAGs/LDLR binding	[35,36,51]
			Virion production	?	[106-111]
ApoA-I	HDL >> VLDL	Structural protein of HDL	RNA replication	?	[82,83]
			Virion production	?	[82,110,111]
ApoH	VLDL >> HDL	Cholesterol efflux	RNA replication	?	[85]
ApoA-II	HDL >> VLDL	Structural protein of HDL	Virion production	?	[110,111]
ApoC-I	VLDL, LDL, HDL	Inhibitor of CETP activity	Entry	Viral and cellular membranes fusion	[58,59]
			Virion production	?	[110,111]
ApoC-II	VLDL, LDL, HDL	Activator of LPL	Virion production	?	[110,111]
ApoC-III	VLDL, LDL, HDL	Inhibitor of LPL and HL	Virion production	?	[110,111]
ACSL3		Phosphatidylcholine synthesis for apoB	Virion production	?	[105]

GAGs: Glycosaminoglycans; LDL: Low-density lipoproteins; LDLR: LDL receptor; ApoB: Apolipoprotein B-100; VLDL: Very low-density lipoproteins; HDL: High-density lipoproteins; LVP: Lipoviral particles; LPL: Lipoprotein lipase; HL: Hepatic lipase; CETP: Cholesteryl ester transfer protein; ACSL3: Cyl-coenzyme A synthetase 3.