Association of E-cadherin (CDH1) gene polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk

Table 1 Demographic data, Helicobacter status, and smoking in gastric cancer patients and control subjects

Variable	GC patients	Control
No. of subjects	192	170
Age (yr), mean ± SD	32.8 ± 6.6	55.1 ± 12.5
Male, %	58.30	56.50
H. pylori status, n	1161	901
Positive, n (%)	67 (58)	54 (60)

¹The number of GC patients and control participants for whom Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) serology was available. GC: Gastric cancer.

Table 2 Clinicopathological features of 192 gastric cancer patients

Variable	n (%)
Lauren’s classification
Intestinal	93 (48.5)
Mixed and diffuse	99 (51.5)
Histological grade
G1	11 (5.8)
G2	80 (41.6)
G3	101 (52.6)
T stage
T1 + T2	32 (16.7)
T3 + T4	160 (83.3)
Lymph node involvement
Negative	26 (13.5)
Positive	166 (86.5)
TNM stage
I + II	33 (17.2)
III + IV	159 (82.8)

Table 3 CDH1 genotype frequencies and their associated risk of gastric cancer predisposition

CDH1 genotype	Patients n (%)1	Control n (%)1	OR2 (95% CI)	P value
+ 54 T>C	n = 174	n = 157
TT	25 (14.4)	22 (14.0)	1
TC	70 (40.2)	75 (47.8)	0.9 (0.4-2.2)	0.9
CC	79 (45.4)	60 (38.2)	0.9 (0.4-2.4)	0.8
CC + TC	149 (85.6)	135 (86.0)	0.9 (0.4-2.1)	0.8
TT + TC	95 (54.6)	97 (61.8)	1.0 (0.5-2.0)	1.0
C allele	66.0	62.0
-160 C>A	n = 174	n = 166
CC	93 (53.6)	93 (56.0)	1
CA	60 (34.5)	65 (39.2)	0.6 (0.3-1.1)	0.1
AA	21 (12.0)	8 (4.8)	3.6 (1.1-11.8)	0.03
AA + CA	81 (46.5)	73 (44.0)	0.8 (0.4-1.5)	0.8
CC + CA	153 (88.1)	158 (95.2)	3.4 (1.4-13.9)	0.01
A allele	29.0	24.0
-616 G>C	n = 172	n = 159
GG	84 (48.8)	71 (44.7)	1
GC	65 (37.8)	69 (43.4)	0.9 (0.6-1.8)	0.7
CC	23 (13.4)	19 (12.0)	1.8 (0.6-5.1)	0.3
GC + CC	88 (51.2)	88 (55.4)	1.0 (0.6-1.9)	0.9
GG + GC	149 (86.6)	140 (88.1)	1.8 (0.7-5.2)	0.3
C allele	32.0	34.0
-3159 T>C	n = 177	n = 166
TT	52 (29.7)	47 (28.3)	1
TC	72 (41.1)	78 (47.0)	0.9 (0.4-1.7)	0.7
CC	53 (30.3)	41 (24.7)	1.0 (0.5-2.0)	0.9
CC + TC	125 (71.4)	119 (71.7)	0.9 (0.5-1.7)	0.8
TT + TC	124 (70.8)	125 (75.3)	1.1 (0.54-2.2)	0.8
C allele	50.0	48.0

¹The number of patients and control indicates successful single nucleotide polymorphism analysis for each polymorphism;

²Age and sex-adjusted.

Table 4 Frequencies of CDH1 haplotypes and associated risk of gastric cancer predisposition

Haplotype	Frequency (%)		OR1 (95% CI)	P value
	Patient	Control
TCGT	20.1	22.1	1
TACG	10.4	11.0	0.99 (0.5-1.9)	1.0
CCGT	16.5	17.7	1.0 (0.5-1.8)	1.0
CCGC	7.0	5.0	1.5 (0.7-3.5)	0.3
CCCT	11.1	9.9	1.1 (0.5-2.3)	0.8
CCCC	15.1	16.6	0.9 (0.6-1.6)	0.8
CAGC	10.7	7.1	1.5 (0.8-3.0)	0.2
CACC	5.8	5.7	1.1 (0.5-2.4)	0.8

¹Age and sex-adjusted.