Impact of Helicobacter pylori virulence markers on clinical outcomes in adult populations

Figure 1 Distribution of the different vacuolating cytotoxin A genotypes (percentage) among 108 isolates, according to cytotoxin-associated gene A presence. VacA: Vacuolating cytotoxin A; CagA: Cytotoxin-associated gene A. ^aP < 0.05.

Figure 2 Urease activity in relation to ethnicity, sex, cytotoxin-associated gene occurrence, and place of residence. A: Ethnicity; B: Sex; C: Cytotoxin-associated A gene occurrence; D: Place of residence. Urease activity (indicated by O.D) was measured 1 min after incubation of bacteria with urea solution, as described in the Materials and Methods section. VacA: Vacuolating cytotoxin A; CagA: Cytotoxin-associated gene A.

Figure 3 Urease activity as a function of isolate genotype combination. Urease activity was measured 1 min, 5 min, and 10 min after incubation of bacteria with urea solution, as described in the Materials and Methods section. The minimal, maximal, and median of mean urease activity values are shown (the median is indicated by the line within the bar) per each group of isolates with a different genotype of cytotoxin-associated gene A and vacuolating cytotoxin A genes. O.D: Optical density; VacA: Vacuolating cytotoxin A; CagA: Cytotoxin-associated gene A. ^aP < 0.05.