Published online Jan 7, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i1.190
Peer-review started: August 16, 2022
First decision: October 20, 2022
Revised: November 2, 2022
Accepted: November 21, 2022
Article in press: November 21, 2022
Published online: January 7, 2023
Processing time: 140 Days and 19.6 Hours
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a microaerophilic, Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa and infects the stomach epithelium, causing peptic ulcer disease. The genetic variability of H. pylori and its host, combined with environmental factors, have been suggested to affect the clinical outcome. H. pylori pathogenesis is mediated via distinct virulence factors, including the secreted vacuolating cytotoxin A, cytotoxin-associated gene A, and urease.
In recent years, associations between specific virulence markers of H. pylori and gastrointestinal disorders have been suggested.
To investigate the distribution of three virulence factors among isolates from both Arab and Jewish populations and to assess their impact on clinical presentations.
We enrolled 108 patients tested for the presence of vacuolating cytotoxin A and cytotoxin-associated gene A genes and evaluated the urease activity levels. We assessed the clinical state of the patients by hematoxylin and eosin staining of the gastric biopsies from which the bacteria were recovered.
We found associations between disease severity and ethnicity and between some of the virulence factors to ethnicity.
Our study highlighted the importance of incorporating molecular methods for detection of virulence markers of H. pylori in order to tailor optimal treatments for each patient.
Further investigation should be performed regarding associations between H. pylori virulence factors and ethnicity.