New anti-reflux plastic stent to reduce the risk of stent-related cholangitis in the treatment of biliary strictures

Figure 1 Biliary stents used in this study. A: The new anti-reflux plastic stent; B: The traditional plastic stent.

Figure 2 Successful endoscopic placement of an anti-reflux plastic stent or a traditional plastic stent. A1 and A2: Endoscopic and fluoroscopic images of an anti-reflux plastic stent; B1 and B2: Endoscopic and fluoroscopic images of a traditional plastic stent.

Figure 3 Flowchart. PTCD: Percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage; SEMS: Self-expandable metal stents; ARPS: Anti-reflux plastic stent; TPS: Traditional plastic stent. MBS: Malignant biliary stricture; BBS: Benign biliary stricture.

Figure 4 Kaplan-Meier curves of onset of stent-related cholangitis of anti-reflux plastic stent and traditional plastic stent (Log-rank test). MBS: Malignant biliary stricture; BBS: Benign biliary stricture; Pts: Patients; ARPS: Anti-reflux plastic stent; TPS: Traditional plastic stent.

Figure 5 Kaplan-Meier curves of cumulative patency of anti-reflux plastic stent and traditional plastic stent (Log-rank test). MBS: Malignant biliary stricture; Pts: Patients; ARPS: Anti-reflux plastic stent; TPS: Traditional plastic stent.