Case Report
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World J Gastroenterol. Oct 21, 2013; 19(39): 6699-6702
Published online Oct 21, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i39.6699
Positron emission tomography/computerized tomography in the evaluation of primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of prostate
Bo Pan, Jian-Kui Han, Shi-Cun Wang, Ao Xu
Bo Pan, Jian-Kui Han, PET/CT Center, Qilu Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
Bo Pan, Shi-Cun Wang, PET/CT Center, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 23001, Anhui Province, China
Ao Xu, Department of Pathology, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 23001, Anhui Province, China
Author contributions: Pan B reviewed the literature, collected and compiled the PET/CT pictures, and prepared the manuscript; Wang SC revised the manuscript; Xu A provided and compiled the pathological images; and Han JK proposed the topic, revised the manuscript and contacted the target journal for publication.
Correspondence to: Dr. Jian-Kui Han, PET/CT Center, Qilu Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Cultural West Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China. jkhan@sdu.edu.cn
Telephone: +86-531-82169661 Fax: +86-531-82169661
Received: April 24, 2013
Revised: June 8, 2013
Accepted: July 12, 2013
Published online: October 21, 2013
Processing time: 40 Days and 5.2 Hours
Abstract

Primary malignant lymphoma of the prostate is exceedingly rare. Here we report a case of a 65-year-old man who presented with increased urinary frequency, urinary urgency, and urinary incontinence for two years. Benign prostatic hypertrophy was suspected at primary impression. Ultrasound revealed a hypoechoic lesion of the prostate. The total serum prostate-specific antigen was within normal range. Positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) showed a hypermetabolic prostatic lesion. Prostate biopsy was consistent with a non-germinal center diffuse large B cell lymphoma. There was complete remission of the prostatic lesion following six cycles of chemotherapy as shown on the second PET/CT imaging. 18F-fluoro-deoxy glucose PET/CT is not only a complement to conventional imaging, but also plays a significant role in the diagnosis and evaluation of treatment response of prostatic lymphoma.

Keywords: Fluoro-Deoxy-Glucose, Positron emission tomography/computerized tomography, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Prostatic lymphoma, Evaluation

Core tip: Primary prostatic lymphoma is extremely rare. There is no consensus on the primary prostatic lymphoma management. We report a case of primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the prostate incidentally found by 18F-fluoro-deoxy glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT), and finally diagnosed by histopathological examination. 18F-FDG PET/CT is not only a complement to the conventional imaging studies, but also plays a significant role in the diagnosis and treatment of prostatic lymphoma.