Published online Sep 28, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i36.6118
Revised: July 7, 2013
Accepted: July 17, 2013
Published online: September 28, 2013
Processing time: 174 Days and 19.6 Hours
Anatomic variations of the right biliary system are one of the most common risk factors for sectoral bile duct injury (BDI) during cholecystectomy. Isolated right posterior BDI may in particular be a challenge for both diagnosis and management. Herein we describe two cases of isolated right posterior sectoral BDI that took place during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Despite effective external biliary drainage from the liver hilum in both cases, there was a persistent biliary leak observed which was not visible on endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram. Careful evaluation of images from both endoscopic and magnetic resonance cholangiograms revealed the diagnosis of an isolated right posterior sectoral BDI. These were treated with a delayed bisegmental (segments 6 and 7) liver resection and a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy respectively with good outcomes at 24 and 4 mo of follow-up. This paper discusses strategies for prevention of such injuries along with the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges it offers.
Core tip: Anatomic variations of the right biliary system are common but the low insertion of the right sectoral bile duct into the common hepatic duct (or the cystic duct) is rare. This is clinically important as places the patient at particular risk for its injury during cholecystectomy. Moreover, it can be very difficult to be diagnosed and managed properly. It often presents with a persistent biliary leak which is not visible on endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram. We describe two such cases, present the diagnostic imaging with two different treatment options and discuss preventive and management strategies. This can be of clinical value for both surgeons, gastroenterologists and endoscopists.