Brief Article
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World J Gastroenterol. Mar 21, 2013; 19(11): 1788-1796
Published online Mar 21, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i11.1788
Common bile duct stones on multidetector computed tomography: Attenuation patterns and detectability
Chang Whan Kim, Jae Hyuck Chang, Yeon Soo Lim, Tae Ho Kim, In Seok Lee, Sok Won Han
Chang Whan Kim, Jae Hyuck Chang, Tae Ho Kim, In Seok Lee, Sok Won Han, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-701, South Korea
Yeon Soo Lim, Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-701, South Korea
Author contributions: Chang JH and Kim CW designed the study and analyzed the data; Lim YS and Chang JH analyzed the CT scan; Kim TH, Lee IS, and Han SW reviewed and revised the manuscript; and Chang JH and Kim CW wrote the manuscript.
Correspondence to: Jae Hyuck Chang, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-701, South Korea. wwjjaang@catholic.ac.kr
Telephone: +82-32-3407086 Fax: +82-32-3402255
Received: November 19, 2012
Revised: December 10, 2012
Accepted: January 17, 2013
Published online: March 21, 2013
Processing time: 123 Days and 1.4 Hours
Abstract

AIM: To investigate the attenuation patterns and detectability of common bile duct (CBD) stones by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).

METHODS: Between March 2010 and February 2012, 191 patients with suspicion of CBD stones undergoing both MDCT and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were enrolled and reviewed retrospectively. The attenuation patterns of CBD stones on MDCT were classified as heavily calcified, radiopaque, less radiopaque, or undetectable. The association between the attenuation patterns of CBD stones on MDCT and stone type consisting of pure cholesterol, mixed cholesterol, brown pigment, and black pigment and the factors related to the detectability of CBD stones by MDCT were evaluated.

RESULTS: MDCT showed CBD stones in 111 of 130 patients in whom the CBD stones were demonstrated by ERCP with 85.4% sensitivity. The attenuation patterns of CBD stones on MDCT were heavily calcified 34 (26%), radiopaque 31 (24%), less radiopaque 46 (35%), and undetectable 19 (15%). The radiopacity of CBD stones differed significantly according to stone type (P < 0.001). From the receiver operating characteristic curve, stone size was useful for the determination of CBD stone by MDCT (area under curve 0.779, P < 0.001) and appropriate cut-off stone size on MDCT was 5 mm. The factors related to detectability of CBD stones on MDCT were age, stone type, and stone size on multivariate analysis (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The radiopacity of CBD stones on MDCT differed according to stone type. Stone type and stone size were related to the detectability by MDCT, and appropriate cut-off stone size was 5 mm.

Keywords: Common bile duct gallstones; Gallstones; Multidetector computed tomography; Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography