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Copyright ©2006 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 14, 2006; 12(46): 7532-7536
Published online Dec 14, 2006. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i46.7532
Listening to Turkish classical music decreases patients’ anxiety, pain, dissatisfaction and the dose of sedative and analgesic drugs during colonoscopy: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Nimet Ovayolu, Ozlem Ucan, Seda Pehlivan, Yavuz Pehlivan, Hakan Buyukhatipoglu, M Cemil Savas, Murat T Gulsen
Nimet Ovayolu, Ozlem Ucan, Seda Pehlivan, Gaziantep University Health School 27310, Gaziantep, Turkey
Yavuz Pehlivan, Hakan Buyukhatipoglu, Department of Internal Medicine, Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
M Cemil Savas, Murat T Gulsen, Department of Gastroenter-ology, Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to the work.
Correspondence to: Dr. Yavuz Pehlivan, Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey. drpehlivan@hotmail.com
Telephone: +90-342-3606060-76151
Received: September 17, 2006
Revised: October 15, 2006
Accepted: October 25, 2006
Published online: December 14, 2006
Abstract

AIM: To determine whether listening to music decreases the requirement for dosages of sedative drugs, patients’ anxiety, pain and dissatisfaction feelings during colonoscopy and makes the procedure more comfortable and acceptable.

METHODS: Patients undergoing elective colonoscopy between October 2005 and February 2006 were randomized into either listening to music (Group 1, n = 30) or not listening to music (Group 2, n = 30). Anxiolytic and analgesic drugs (intravenous midazolam and meperidine) were given according to the patients’ demand. Administered medications were monitored. We determined their levels of anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Test form. Patients’ satisfaction, pain, and willingness to undergo a repeated procedure were self-assessed using a visual analog scale.

RESULTS: The mean dose of sedative and analgesic drugs used in group 1 (midazolam: 2.1 ± 1.4, meperidine: 18.1 ± 11.7) was smaller than group 2 (midazolam: 2.4 ± 1.0, meperidine: 20.6 ± 11.5), but without a significant difference (P > 0.05). The mean anxiety level in group 1 was lower than group 2 (36.7 ± 2.2 vs 251.0 ± 1.9, P < 0.001). The mean satisfaction score was higher in group 1 compared to group 2 (87.8 ± 3.1 vs 58.1 ± 3.4, P < 0.001). The mean pain score in group 1 was lower than group 2 (74.1 ± 4.7 vs 39.0 ± 3.9, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Listening to music during colonoscopy helps reduce the dose of sedative medications, as well as patients’ anxiety, pain, dissatisfaction during the procedure. Therefore, we believe that listening to music can play an adjunctive role to sedation in colonoscopy. It is a simple, inexpensive way to improve patients’ comfort during the procedure.

Keywords: Colonoscopy; Turkish classical music; Sedative medications; Anxiety; Pain; Satisfaction