Retrospective Cohort Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Psychiatry. Apr 19, 2024; 14(4): 513-522
Published online Apr 19, 2024. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i4.513
Clarifying the relationship and analyzing the influential factors of bronchial asthma in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Gui-Xia Wang, Xiao-Ying Xu, Xi-Qing Wu
Gui-Xia Wang, Department of Infectious Diseases, Dongying People’s Hospital, Dongying 257000, Shandong Province, China
Xiao-Ying Xu, Department of Children's Health, Dongying People’s Hospital, Dongying 257000, Shandong Province, China
Xi-Qing Wu, Department of Children's Health, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying 257000, Shandong Province, China
Author contributions: Wang GX and Xu XY initiated the project, designed the experiment and conducted clinical data collection; Wu XQ performed postoperative follow-up and recorded data; Wang GX and Xu XY conducted a number of collation and statistical analysis, and wrote the original manuscript.; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Dongying People’s Hospital, and the ethics committee agreed to waive informed consent.
Informed consent statement: After review by the Ethics Committee, a waiver of informed consent was granted for this subject.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Data sharing statement: All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Gui-Xia Wang, Associate Chief Physician, Department of Infectious Diseases, Dongying People’s Hospital, No. 317 Dongcheng South 1st Road, Dongying 257000, Shandong Province, China. wangguixia710525@163.com
Received: January 25, 2024
Peer-review started: January 25, 2024
First decision: February 8, 2024
Revised: February 22, 2024
Accepted: March 7, 2024
Article in press: March 7, 2024
Published online: April 19, 2024
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Bronchial asthma is closely related to the occurrence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, which can easily have adverse effects on children’s learning and social interactions. Studies have shown that childhood asthma can increase the risk of ADHD and the core symptoms of ADHD. Compared with children with ADHD alone, children with asthma and ADHD are more likely to show high levels of hyperactivity, hyperactive-impulsive and other externalizing behaviors and anxiety in clinical practice and have more symptoms of somatization and emotional internalization.

AIM

To explore the relationship between ADHD in children and bronchial asthma and to analyze its influencing factors.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Dongying People's Hospital from September 2018 to August 2023. Children diagnosed with ADHD at this hospital were selected as the ADHD group, while healthy children without ADHD who underwent physical examinations during the same period served as the control group. Clinical and parental data were collected for all participating children, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors for comorbid asthma in children with ADHD.

RESULTS

Significant differences were detected between the ADHD group and the control group in terms of family history of asthma and allergic diseases, maternal complications during pregnancy, maternal use of asthma and allergy medications during pregnancy, maternal anxiety and depression during pregnancy, and parental relationship status (P < 0.05). Out of the 183 children in the ADHD group, 25 had comorbid asthma, resulting in a comorbidity rate of 13.66% (25/183), compared to the comorbidity rate of 2.91% (16/549) among the 549 children in the control group. The difference in the asthma comorbidity rate between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that family history of asthma and allergic diseases, maternal complications during pregnancy, maternal use of asthma and allergy medications during pregnancy, maternal anxiety and depression during pregnancy, and parental relationship status are independent risk factors increasing the risk of comorbid asthma in children with ADHD (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Children with ADHD were more likely to have comorbid asthma than healthy control children were. A family history of asthma, adverse maternal factors during pregnancy, and parental relationship status were identified as risk factors influencing the comorbidity of asthma in children with ADHD. Clinically, targeted interventions based on these factors can be implemented to reduce the risk of comorbid asthma. This information is relevant for results sections of abstracts in scientific articles.

Keywords: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Children, Bronchial asthma, Risk factors, Anxiety, Depression

Core Tip: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. The incidence of ADHD has been increasing in recent years, which seriously affects children 's physical and mental health. Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children. Previous studies have shown that childhood asthma can increase the risk of ADHD and the core symptoms of ADHD. By exploring and analyzing the correlation between these two diseases and their influencing factors, this study will help to better understand the etiology of ADHD and provide reference for early prevention of ADHD.