Impact of bariatric surgery on glucose and lipid metabolism and liver and kidney function in food-induced obese diabetic rats

Figure 1 Serum biochemical analysis and physical conditions. A-F: Different changes in body weight (A), blood glucose (B), insulin (C), triglyceride (D), total cholesterol (E) and total bile acids (F) in foodborne obese diabetic rats before and after modeling (n = 10); G: Representative images of body shape between obese diabetic and normal rats; H: One rat in the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) group died of anastomotic fistula; I: One rat in the RYGB group died of wound infection; J: One rat in the SG group died of wound infection. ^aP < 0.05. TG: Triglyceride; TC: Total cholesterol; TBA: Total bile acid; RYGB: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery; SG: Sleeve gastrectomy; GB: Gastric banding; SO: Sham operation.

Figure 2 Changes in blood glucose and insulin. A-H: Different changes in body weight (A), food intake (B), fasting blood glucose (C), fasting blood insulin (D), blood glucose in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (E), area under the curve (AUC) of OGTT (F), blood glucose in insulin tolerance test (ITT) (G), and AUC of ITT in foodborne obese diabetic rats after bariatric surgery (H) (n = 10). ^aP < 0.05. AUC: Area under the curve; RYGB: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery; SG: Sleeve gastrectomy; GB: Gastric banding; SO: Sham operation.

Figure 3 Changes in biochemical indexes. A-E: Different changes in triglyceride (A), total cholesterol (B), total bile acids (C), alanine aminotransferase (D), and aspartate aminotransaminase (E) in foodborne obese diabetic rats after bariatric surgery (n = 10). ^aP < 0.05. TC: Total cholesterol; TBA: Total bile acids; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransaminase; RYGB: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery; SG: Sleeve gastrectomy; GB: Gastric banding; SO: Sham operation.

Figure 4 Histomorphological changes in the liver and kidneys. A-H: Representative images of liver tissue in sham operation (SO) group (A), sleeve gastrectomy (SG) group (B), gastric banding (GB) group (C), and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) group (D) in foodborne obese diabetic rats after bariatric surgery, as well as representative images of kidney tissue in SO group (E), SG group (F), GB group (G), and RYGB group (H) in foodborne obese diabetic rats after bariatric surgery are shown. Scale bars, 20 μm.

Figure 5 Changes in protein and mRNA expression of kinase C β/P66shc. A-C: Western blot analysis of changes in P66shc and protein kinase C β protein expression; D and E: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of changes in protein kinase C β (D) and P66shc (E) mRNA expression in foodborne obese diabetic rats after bariatric surgery (n = 4). ^aP < 0.05. PKC: Protein kinase C; RYGB: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery; SG: Sleeve gastrectomy; GB: Gastric banding; SO: Sham operation.