Published online Aug 15, 2023. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i8.1280
Peer-review started: April 19, 2023
First decision: April 28, 2023
Revised: May 16, 2023
Accepted: June 21, 2023
Article in press: June 21, 2023
Published online: August 15, 2023
Processing time: 114 Days and 2.6 Hours
Currently, the lack of comparative studies between weekly and daily formulations of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) for glucose excursion is worth investigation.
To investigate the effects of weekly and daily formulations of GLP-1RA on glucose excursion and inflammation in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Seventy patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were treated at our hospital between January 2019 and January 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. All patients were treated with metformin. We evaluated changes in blood glucose levels and a series of important indicators in patients before and after treatment with either a weekly or daily preparation of GLP-1RA (group A; n = 33 and group B; n = 37).
The degree of decrease in the levels of fasting blood glucose, mean blood glucose, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions, total cholesterol, triglycerides, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein after treatment in group A was higher than that in group B (P < 0.05), whereas the 2-h postprandial blood glucose levels decreased more so in group B than in group A (P < 0.001). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the levels of glycated hemoglobin, standard deviation of blood glucose, coefficient of variation, absolute mean of daily differences, percentage of time with 3.9 mmol/L < glucose < 10 mmol/L, and high- and low-density lipoproteins between the two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in group A than in group B (P < 0.05).
The effect of the weekly preparation of GLP-1RA in controlling blood glucose levels in the patients, suppressing inflammation, and reducing adverse reactions was significantly higher than that of the daily preparations, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
Core Tip: Weekly formulation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) exhibited superior efficacy in treating obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to the daily formulation. It effectively controls blood glucose levels, better regulates blood lipids, inhibits inflammatory reactions, and reduces adverse reactions. Therefore, the weekly formulation of GLP-1RA is a promising treatment option worthy of clinical promotion.