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World J Diabetes. Aug 15, 2023; 14(8): 1226-1233
Published online Aug 15, 2023. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i8.1226
Advances in cardiovascular-related biomarkers to predict diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Meng-Ke Cheng, Yao-Yao Guo, Xiao-Nan Kang, Lu Zhang, Dan Wang, Hui-Hui Ren, Gang Yuan
Meng-Ke Cheng, Yao-Yao Guo, Xiao-Nan Kang, Lu Zhang, Dan Wang, Hui-Hui Ren, Gang Yuan, Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
Author contributions: All authors made a substantial contribution to conceptualization and writing and agree to be accountable for the content of this review.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82100922.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Gang Yuan, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China. gangyuan@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn
Received: May 31, 2023
Peer-review started: May 31, 2023
First decision: June 13, 2023
Revised: June 24, 2023
Accepted: July 7, 2023
Article in press: July 7, 2023
Published online: August 15, 2023
Processing time: 72 Days and 2.5 Hours
Abstract

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. One of the most common types is distal symmetric poly-neuropathy, which begins as bilateral symmetry pain and hyperesthesia and gradually progresses into hypoesthesia with nerve fibre disorder and is frequently accompanied by depression and anxiety. Notably, more than half of patients with DPN can be asymptomatic, which tends to delay early detection. Furthermore, the study of adverse outcomes showed that DPN is a prominent risk factor for foot ulceration, gangrene and nontraumatic amputation, which decreases quality of life. Thus, it is essential to develop convenient diagnostic biomarkers with high sensitivity for screening and early intervention. It has been reported that there may be common pathways for microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. The pathogenesis of both disorders involves vascular endothelial dys-function. Emerging evidence indicates that traditional and novel cardiovascular-related biomarkers have the potential to characterize patients by subclinical disease status and improve risk prediction. Additionally, beyond traditional cardiovascular-related biomarkers, novel cardiovascular-related biomarkers have been linked to diabetes and its complications. In this review, we evaluate the association between major traditional and nontraditional car-diovascular-related biomarkers of DPN, such as cardiac troponin T, B-type natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, and homocysteine, and assess the evidence for early risk factor-based management strategies to reduce the incidence and slow the progression of DPN.

Keywords: Diabetes; Diabetic peripheral neuropathy; Cardiovascular; Microangiopathy; Prediction; Biomarkers

Core Tip: Emerging evidence indicates that traditional and novel cardiovascular-related biomarkers have the potential to characterize patients by subclinical disease status and improve risk prediction. Additionally, beyond traditional cardiovascular-related biomarkers, novel cardiovascular-related biomarkers have been linked to diabetes and its complications. In this paper, we review the association between major traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular-related biomarkers and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and assess the evidence for early risk factor-based management strategies to reduce the incidence and slow the progression of DPN.