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Sayed Ahmed HA, Mohamed SF, Joudeh AI, Elotla SF, Mostafa M, Shah J, Fouad AM, Abdelazim SA. Combined symptoms of diabetes distress, depression, and anxiety and their association with glycemic control in primary care patients with type 2 diabetes in Egypt. Diabetol Int 2025; 16:326-338. [PMID: 40166443 PMCID: PMC11954776 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-025-00793-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
Introduction Existing studies mostly focus on the separate impacts of diabetes distress, depression, and anxiety on glycemic control, leaving a gap in understanding their combined influence within primary care settings. This study aims to explore this interaction among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Egyptian primary healthcare. Methods The study was conducted in rural primary healthcare settings in Egypt from September 2020 to June 2021, included 354 patients with T2DM. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics were assessed through patient interviews. Diabetes distress was measured using the 5-item Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID-5 scale), and symptoms of depression and anxiety were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 Scale (GAD-7), respectively. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements indicated glycemic control. Results Participants experienced varying mental health symptoms: 24.9% had one symptom, 8.2% had two, and 4.5% had all three (diabetes distress, depression, and anxiety symptoms). In multiple linear regression, not working status (β = -0.203, p = 0.015), dyslipidemia (β = 0.258, p = 0.021), increased BMI (β = 0.022, p < 0.001), and more mental health symptoms (β = 0.267, p < 0.001) predicted higher HbA1c levels. Ordinal regression found that higher educational levels (OR = 2.385, p = 0.021), sufficient income (OR = 2.360, p = 0.007), and higher HbA1c (OR = 3.103, p < 0.001) predicted more mental health symptoms. Conclusion Mental health symptoms were common, and there were reciprocal associations between elevated HbA1c levels and increased mental health symptoms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-025-00793-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem A. Sayed Ahmed
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samar F. Mohamed
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Anwar I. Joudeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Khor Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sally Fawzy Elotla
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mona Mostafa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Mahmoud Fouad
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Sipko T, Berger-Pasternak B, Paluszak A. Comparative Impact of Kinesio Taping and Post-Isometric Muscle Relaxation on Pain and Myofascial Mechanics in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Med Sci Monit 2025; 31:e945376. [PMID: 39953714 PMCID: PMC11837403 DOI: 10.12659/msm.945376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 11/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of Kinesio taping (KT), with or without tension (Placebo), and post-isometric muscle relaxation (PIR) on pain intensity and the mechanical properties of myofascial tissues in chronic low back pain (LBP) patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Study participants (n=64; females, n=34; males, n=30; mean age 41.9 years), were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 intervention groups. The numerical rating scale (NRS) was used to assess pain intensity at rest, the Oswestry Disability Index was used to estimate the level of disability, and the MyotonPRO© device was used to measure tension, stiffness, and relaxation in the erector spinae on both sides of the lumbar spine. The examinations were performed before the intervention, after interventions, and at 7-day follow-up (RCT Id: ACTRN12624000121561). RESULTS Pain and level of disability were reduced for all groups (P<0.01). In addition, post hoc analysis of the KT group showed significant increases in tension and stiffness of the erector spinae and significantly decreased relaxation between the pre-intervention and follow-up measurements, but only on the contralateral side (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS KT with or without tape tension and PIR had similar effects in decreasing the level of resting pain and disability. Pain reduction was not related to changes in the mechanical properties of the soft tissue. It can be concluded that the KT with or without tape tension or PIR were mainly analgesic effects, and should be used as a combined therapy in LBP patients.
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Almarzooq MA, Almarzoug HA, Alhassan MJ, Alrashed MI, Alnajjar JS, Albejais NA, Albahrani S, Alibrahim IA, Almaqhawi A. Impact of Virtual Clinics on Diabetes Distress and HbA1c Levels Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2025; 61:234. [PMID: 40005351 PMCID: PMC11857536 DOI: 10.3390/medicina61020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent chronic disease caused by inadequate insulin secretion or ineffective insulin response, leading to complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, heart attacks, and strokes. Recently, "diabetes distress (DD)" has emerged as a concept, highlighting the significant emotional burden of managing diabetes, which can impact disease outcomes. Thus, this study evaluates the impact of virtual clinics on diabetes distress and glycemic measures in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and August 2024 at the Endocrine and Diabetes Center in Alahsa, Saudi Arabia, targeting persons aged 18 and older with diabetes who had engaged in-person clinics, virtual clinics, or both between 2019 and 2024. Data were collected through structured phone interviews, supplemented by laboratory results from clinical records. The survey included demographic details, diabetes information, and the Diabetes Distress Scale. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, were performed to explore the relationships between diabetes distress, clinic visit type, and glycemic control, with Mann-Whitney and Chi-Squared tests used to compare variables between two groups. Results: Of the 108 participants, 55.6% were male, with a mean age of 38.5 years. Type 2 diabetes was reported in 51.9% of individuals, while 48.1% had type 1. High emotional burden (44.4%) and regimen-related distress (28.7%) were prevalent, particularly among individuals with suboptimal glycemic control. While virtual visits were not significantly correlated with lower distress levels, individuals with suboptimal glycemic control exhibited significantly higher diabetes distress across various domains, including emotional and regimen-related distress (p < 0.05). Laboratory analysis showed a median HbA1c of 8.2%, with poor control associated with greater distress. Conclusions: Diabetic individuals with suboptimal glycemic control report higher diabetes distress levels, underscoring the need for integrated psychological support in DM care. Although virtual clinic visits did not significantly reduce distress, they provide a feasible option for individual follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Almarzooq
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (H.A.A.); (M.J.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Hussain A. Almarzoug
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (H.A.A.); (M.J.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Mohammed Jassim Alhassan
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (H.A.A.); (M.J.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Mukhtar Ibrahim Alrashed
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (H.A.A.); (M.J.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Jawad S. Alnajjar
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (H.A.A.); (M.J.A.); (M.I.A.)
| | | | - Suha Albahrani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ibrahim A. Alibrahim
- Endocrine Consultant, Endocrine and Diabetes Center, King Fahad Hospital Al Hofuf, Al Hofuf 36441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah Almaqhawi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.A.)
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Mirghani HO. Diabetes distress, the mediator of the poor glycemic control and depression: A meta-analysis. World J Meta-Anal 2024; 12:97779. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v12.i4.97779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 11/01/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes-related distress (DRD) is a common psychological disorder specifically associated with diabetes, its cross-talk with depression, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was discussed controversially. Interventions addressing DRD were shown to improve HbA1c. However, the primary concern is to investigate the association of DRD with glycemic control. No meta-analyses have compared the effects of depression and diabetes distress on HbA1c.
AIM To assess the relationship between DRD, depression, and glycemic control.
METHODS We systematically searched PubMed MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library from inception up to May 2024. The keywords diabetes distress, depression, psychopathology, glycemic control, HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin, fasting, and postprandial blood glucose were used. A datasheet was used to extract the author’s name year and country of publication, diabetes distress, depression, and HbA1c among patients with DRD, depression, and control subjects.
RESULTS Out of the 2046 studies retrieved, 55 full texts were screened and 22 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Diabetes distress was associated with poor glycemic control, odd ratio = 0.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.17-0.67, and P value < 0.001, and odd ratio = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.38-0.72, and P value < 0.001 respectively. No significant difference was observed between depression and DRD regarding the impact on HbA1c, odd ratio = 0.13, 95%CI: 0.15-0.41, P value = 0.37, I2 for heterogeneity = 76%. However, when heterogeneity was eliminated, diabetes distress influenced the HbA1c more compared to depression, odd ratio = 0.29, 95%CI: 0.17-0.41, and P value < 0.001.
CONCLUSION DRD negatively influenced the HbA1c and glycemic control more than depression. Further studies using more specific measures (ecological momentary assessment) to assess DRD are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyder O Mirghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 51941, Tabuk Province, Saudi Arabia
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Noorian K, Abdolazimi-Najaf-Abadi A, Taghipoor M, Doosti-Irani M, Doosti-Irani M, Abdoli S. Two distinct psychological concepts: Diabetes depression and diabetes burnout profiles. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:432. [PMID: 39811838 PMCID: PMC11731248 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1671_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes burnout represents a unique experience that shares some similarities with other psychological concepts. Differentiating diabetes burnout from depression symptoms is a challenging issue. This study aims to examine diabetes burnout profiles and their association with depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran in 2023. Individuals with type 2 diabetes over 18 years old (N = 1300) were recruited through convenience sampling. Data collection was conducted through demographic information, Personal Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ), and Diabetes Burnout Scale (DBS). Unsupervised clustering methods were utilized to determine the optimal number of profiles. RESULTS Five burnout profiles were found (fully burned-out, overextended, exhausted, on the threshold of burnout, and not-burned-out(. The mean burnout score increases as we move from the not-burned-out profile to the fully burned-out profile. The mean depression score was 7.04. Some individuals (n = 124) who were not-burned-out still experience different depression levels. As depression levels increase, burnout levels also tend to increase. It is noteworthy that while depressed individuals are also burned-out, not all individuals experiencing burnout are necessarily depressed. This is a crucial finding in distinguishing between these concepts. CONCLUSION Addressing burnout based on profiles could be more effective for individuals with diabetes. It is a foundation for further exploring the development of diabetes burnout profiles over time and its relationship with diabetes management and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Noorian
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Mahboobeh Taghipoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Mehri Doosti-Irani
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Samereh Abdoli
- College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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Aljamili A, Alyousif L, Barhoush M, Almasoud R. The prevalence of depression among patients with diabetic foot ulcers at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:4699-4705. [PMID: 39629402 PMCID: PMC11610841 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1824_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety among diabetic patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) vary from one study to the other. We aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and the associated risk factors among patients with DFU. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using a self-reported questionnaire on adult patients aged 18 years old and above with DFU at our institution. We used the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire to evaluate the presence of depressive symptoms. Results A total of 75 patients, 56 (74.7%) males and 19 (25.3%) females, participated in the study; 33 (44.0%) were more than 60 years old. The prevalence of moderate to severe depression among our patients was 35 (46.7%). Patients who had DFU for more than 1 year had a higher proportion of moderate to severe depression (P = 0.032). There were no significant differences in the proportion of patients who had depression according to age groups (P = 0.456), gender (P = 0.095), level of education (P = 0.145), employment (P = 0.514), type of diabetes (P = 0.561), duration of diabetes (P = 0.704), level of HbA1c (P = 0.525), smoking history (P = 0.163), and previous history of DFU (P = 0.713). Logistic regression analysis showed that patients who had DFU for more than 1 year were three times more at risk to have moderate to severe depression (P = 0.049). Conclusion Patients with DFU have a high frequency of moderate to severe depression regardless of age, gender, or other sociodemographic characteristics, with patients with long-standing DFU having triple the risk of depression as those with freshly diagnosed DFU. Diabetic persons should be thoroughly assessed to reduce the diabetes result, and preventative actions and patient education about DFU are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Aljamili
- Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina Alyousif
- Department of Family Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Barhoush
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema Almasoud
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Naik BN, Rao R, Verma M, Nirala SK, Pandey S, Gera M, Ramalingam A. Prevalence of diabetes distress and its correlates among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a primary health center of Bihar - A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:3275-3281. [PMID: 39228640 PMCID: PMC11368288 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_96_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with many complications. Approximately 20% of people living with diabetes suffer from some form of depression. "Diabetes distress" (DD) is used to describe the significant negative psychological reactions related to emotional burdens and worries specific to an individual's experience to manage severe, complicated chronic disease such as diabetes. Aim To determine the proportion having DD and to identify the sociodemographic and morbidity related factors associated with the presence of DD among adults with Type2DM who are being treated at PHC Naubatpur, Bihar. Material and Methods This facility based cross-sectional analytical study was done over 3 months among 260 Type2DM patients attending PHC Naubatpur. Sociodemographic details and morbidity related details were collected followed by PAID questionnaire to assess DD. Results Around 60% of the participants were of age ≤60 years. Majority (63.8%) of the participants were having diabetes from past 1-10years. One-fourth (24.6%) of them were having score of ≥40, therefore having DD. Alcohol consumption and presence of diabetes complications in the participants were found to be independent predictors of DD. Conclusion This study showed a high (24.6%) prevalence of DD. It is essential to identify high-risk patients with different mental health needs. Healthcare providers should focus on reducing DD and devise ways to increase self-care practices and coping skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijaya N. Naik
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Rajath Rao
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Manisha Verma
- Department of Community Medicine, NAMO Medical Education and Research Institute, Silvassa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, India
| | - Santosh K. Nirala
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Sanjay Pandey
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Mounica Gera
- Department of Community Medicine, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Anuvarshini Ramalingam
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
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Wojujutari AK, Idemudia ES, Ugwu LE. Psychological resilience mediates the relationship between diabetes distress and depression among persons with diabetes in a multi-group analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6510. [PMID: 38499620 PMCID: PMC10948786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57212-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim to examine the link between diabetes distress and depression in individuals with diabetes, assess the mediating role of psychological resilience in this relationship, and analyses if these relationships differ between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The study utilized a cross-sectional design. A total of 181 (age 33-72 years, mean = 54.76 years, and SD = 9.05 years) individuals diagnosed with diabetes who were receiving treatment from State Specialist Hospitals in Okitipupa were selected for the study using the convenient sampling technique. The data were analysed using Pearson Multiple correlation and multi-group mediation analysis. The analyses were carried out with Smartpls and IBM/SPSS Version 28.0. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between diabetes distress and depression (r = .80, p < .05), suggesting that higher levels of diabetes distress were associated with increased depression scores. Additionally, psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between diabetes distress and depression (b = - 0.10, p < .05), signifying that resilience played a crucial role in mitigating the impact of diabetes distress on depression. Furthermore, a multi-group analysis was conducted to explore potential differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes subgroups. The relationship between diabetes distress and depression was found to be more pronounced in the Type 1 subgroup (difference = 0.345, p < .05), while the relationship between psychological resilience and depression was negatively stronger in the Type 2 subgroup (difference = - 0.404, p < .05) compared to the Type 1 subgroup. There is an intricate linkage between diabetes distress, resilience, and depression, emphasizing the differential roles of resilience in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The insights gleaned from this study underscore the importance of considering the type of diabetes when designing interventions and support mechanisms for individuals with diabetes who are also suffering from depression. By advancing our understanding of these dynamics, we can strive for more effective and personalized approaches to improve the overall well-being of those living with diabetes.
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Park HS, Cho Y, Seo DH, Ahn SH, Hong S, Suh YJ, Chon S, Woo JT, Baik SH, Lee KW, Kim SH. Impact of diabetes distress on glycemic control and diabetic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5568. [PMID: 38448443 PMCID: PMC10917807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55901-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of diabetes distress on glycemic control and its association with diabetes complications is still poorly understood. We aimed to study the clinical features of patients with high diabetes distress, focusing on changes in glycemic control and risk of diabetic complications. From the Korean National Diabetes Program data, we investigated 1862 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who completed diabetic complication studies and the Korean version of the Problem Areas in Diabetes Survey (PAID-K). A total score of PAID-K ≥ 40 was considered indicative of high distress. Individuals with high distress (n = 589) had significantly higher levels of glycated hemoglobin than those without distress (7.4% vs. 7.1%, p < 0.001). This trend persisted throughout the 3-year follow-up period. Higher PAID-K scores were associated with younger age, female gender, longer duration of diabetes, and higher carbohydrate intake (all p < 0.05). There was a significant association between high distress and diabetic neuropathy (adjusted odds ratio, 1.63; p = 0.002), but no significant association was found with other complications, including retinopathy, albuminuria, and carotid artery plaque. In conclusion, high diabetes distress was associated with uncontrolled hyperglycemia and higher odds of having diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongin Cho
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Da Hea Seo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong Hee Ahn
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seongbin Hong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young Ju Suh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Taek Woo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwan Woo Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hun Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, 27, Inhang-ro, Joong-gu, Incheon, 22332, Korea.
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Adugnew M, Fetene D, Assefa T, Kedir S, Asmamaw K, Feleke Z, Gomora D, Mamo H. Diabetes-related distress and its associated factors among people with type 2 diabetes in Southeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e077693. [PMID: 38176868 PMCID: PMC10773350 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes-related distress lowers the motivation for self-care, often leading to lowered physical and emotional well-being, poor diabetes control, poor medication adherence and increased mortality among individuals with diabetes. OBJECTIVE To assess factors associated with diabetes-related distress among people living with type 2 diabetes in Southeast Ethiopia. DESIGN Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. SETTING Six diabetic follow-up care units at public hospitals in Southeast Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS All adult people living with type 2 diabetes from the diabetic follow-up clinic. THE MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Diabetes Distress Scale-17 questionnaire was used to assess diabetes-related distress. RESULTS Out of the total 871 study participants intended, 856 participated in the study with a response rate of 98.3%. The findings showed that about 53.9% (95% CI 50.4% to 57.2%) of the patients have diabetes-related distress. Physical activity (adjusted OR, AOR 2.22; 95% CI 1.36 to 3.63), social support (AOR 4.41; 95% CI 1.62 to 12.03), glycaemic control (AOR 2.36; 95% CI 1.35 to 4.12) and other comorbidities (AOR 3.94; 95% CI 2.01 to 7.73) were factors that significantly associated with diabetes-related distress at p<0.05. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that more than half of the participants had diabetes-related distress. Therefore, the identified factors of diabetes-related distress need to be a concern for health institutions and clinicians in the management of people living with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sana'a Kedir
- Nursing, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
| | | | | | | | - Hailye Mamo
- Nursing, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia
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Ibrahim A, Rida A, Dakroub D, Cherri S, Fahs H, Hammoud J, Hallit S, El Khatib S, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM, Rahal M, Ghaboura N, Malaeb D. Association between diabetes distress and sociodemographic and/or socioeconomic factors among adults: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21767. [PMID: 38074890 PMCID: PMC10700387 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-related distress (DRD) is a psychological syndrome with worsened prognosis in uncontrolled diabetic patients. The current study aimed to assess the factors contributing to DRD among the Lebanese population using the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17) score and its sub-scores. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted between March and September 2021 enrolling. 125 diabetic from six Lebanese governorates through an online survey. The survey included two parts: the first section gathered sociodemographic data sociodemographic and socioeconomic data and the second one focused on assessing the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17) score. Participants 30 years old and above had higher emotional distress compared to younger patients, (65.2 % versus 45.5 %). Those with a primary educational level showed significantly higher emotional distress than those with a secondary and tertiary level of education (72.5 %, versus 66.7 % and 46.4 %). Participants who were treated with both insulin and non-insulin medications or had a diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg showed significantly moderate to high distress (63.6 % or 53.8 %). Participants who lived in rural areas showed higher distress (35.6 %). Obese and overweight had significant moderate to high distress (64.1 %, and 48.0 %). The same results were found in non-married (divorced or widowed) and married participants (76.9 % and 51.3 %). The association between medical history with total distress showed that participants with glycemic store HbA1c of more than 6.5 followed by those who had HbA1c between 5.7 and 6.4 showed moderate to high total distress (45.9 % and 40.0 %). It is concluded that the prevalence of DRD is high in Lebanon, more common among rural residents, and among participants high HbA1c, low educational level, unmarried and on complex treatment regimens. Screening for DRD and providing better support can optimize clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Ibrahim
- Lebanese International University, School of Pharmacy, Lebanon
| | - Aya Rida
- Lebanese International University, School of Pharmacy, Lebanon
| | - Diana Dakroub
- Lebanese International University, School of Pharmacy, Lebanon
| | - Sarah Cherri
- Lebanese International University, School of Pharmacy, Lebanon
| | - Hala Fahs
- Lebanese International University, School of Pharmacy, Lebanon
| | - Jana Hammoud
- Lebanese International University, School of Pharmacy, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sami El Khatib
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed E. Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231 Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231 Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamad Rahal
- Lebanese International University, School of Pharmacy, Lebanon
| | - Nehmat Ghaboura
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231 Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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Rias YA, Tsai HT, Thato R, Apriyanto BS, Chou KR, Ho SC, Sun CH. Synergistic Interactions of Insufficient Physical Activity and a High Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index on Psychological Problems in Indonesians With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Biol Res Nurs 2023; 25:516-526. [PMID: 36891960 DOI: 10.1177/10998004231162050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-grade inflammation represents a critical contribution to the onset of depression and might be manageable by physical activity (PA). Nevertheless, no study has examined synergistic interactions of insufficient PA and high values of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) on psychological problems. OBJECTIVE We investigated independent and synergistic interactions of insufficient PA and high SII levels on stress, anxiety, and depression in T2DM patients. METHODS A cross-sectional research design with 294 T2DM patients was conducted. An XP-100 automated hematology analyzer was used to evaluate inflammatory biomarkers. Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items and a standardized questionnaire about PA were respectively used to measure psychological problems and metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-h/week. RESULTS A multiple linear regression demonstrated that patients with insufficient PA were significantly more likely to have higher stress (β = 1.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-2.65), anxiety (β = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.81-2.96), and depression (β = 2.53, 95% CI = 0.82-4.24) than those with active PA. A high SII level was a key predictor and was most strongly associated with stress (β = 2.61, 95% CI = 2.02-3.20), anxiety (β = 3.16, 95% CI = 2.37-3.94), and depression (β = 3.72, 95% CI = 2.49-4.96) compared to those who had low SII levels. Notably, additive interaction results showed that combining insufficient PA and a high SII level had a significantly escalated 1.71-fold risk of stress, 1.82-fold risk of anxiety, and 2.69-fold risk of depression. CONCLUSIONS Active PA and a low SII had a positive synergistic effect of decreasing psychological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohanes Andy Rias
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, College of Nursing, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata, Kediri, Indonesia
- Graduate School of Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiu Ting Tsai
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ratsiri Thato
- Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bagus Sholeh Apriyanto
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, College of Nursing, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata, Kediri, Indonesia
| | - Kuei Ru Chou
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu Chuan Ho
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia Hsuan Sun
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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13
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Alwani AA, Singh U, Sankhyan S, Chandra A, Rai SK, Nongkynrih B. Hypertension-related distress and its associated factors: findings from an urban primary health centre of South Delhi, India. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:1885-1892. [PMID: 38024890 PMCID: PMC10657111 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1909_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Living with hypertension (HTN) has been found to cause distress, which adversely affects one's self-care and may lead to elevated blood pressure. There is a paucity of data regarding the prevalence of HTN-related distress. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of HTN-related distress among adults with HTN attending an outpatient department in an urban primary health centre and to determine the factors associated with distress. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the outpatient department of an urban primary health centre in Delhi, India. The enrolled participants were administered a questionnaire, which included a Distress Scale for patients with diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension (DSDH17 M) (to assess for HTN-related distress) and Health-Related Quality of Life, Healthy Days Measure. A descriptive analysis was performed. Factors associated with HTN-related distress were tested using logistic regression. Results One hundred forty-one participants were enrolled in this study. Most were women (73.76%) with a mean age of 60.15 years (standard deviation [SD]: 0.78). The prevalence of HTN-related distress (average DSDH17 M score ≥3) was 14% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.30-21.03). Patients with HTN-related distress had significantly poor health and reported a greater number of days where they were physically or mentally unhealthy. Patients with uncontrolled blood pressure had six times the odds (95% CI: 1.69-21.77, P value = 0.006) of HTN-related distress compared to those with controlled blood pressure. Conclusions Hypertension-related distress was present in 14% of adults with HTN. Patients with uncontrolled blood pressure had six times the odds of HTN-related distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam A. Alwani
- Centre for Community Medicine (CCM), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Udita Singh
- Centre for Community Medicine (CCM), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sujata Sankhyan
- Department of Paediatrics, Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Chandra
- Centre for Community Medicine (CCM), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay K. Rai
- Centre for Community Medicine (CCM), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Baridalyne Nongkynrih
- Centre for Community Medicine (CCM), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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14
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Al Qusaibi B, Mosli H, Kattan W, Fadel H, Alariefy A, Almalki B, Bahkali L, Alzubaidi A. Depression Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH): A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e25990. [PMID: 35855231 PMCID: PMC9286297 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression can increase the risk of diabetes-related complications, healthcare expenditures, and morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There have been increasing cases of diabetes in Saudi Arabia; however, research correlating depression with diabetes is lacking. The aim of this study was to find out how common depression is among T2DM patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, and assess any additional risk factors for depression in these patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study using computer-assisted telephone interviews was conducted among patients with T2DM from June to August 2021. A total of 215 participants completed the survey. Symptoms and signs of depression were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistical analyses were used to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with depression. Results: Depression was shown to be prevalent in 54% of type 2 diabetes patients, with the most common associated risk factors being not exercising (p=0.00) and having at least one diabetes-related complication (p=0.001). There was no evidence of a significant relationship between depression and gender or age, although females were, in general, more depressed than males. Conclusion: Diabetic patients have a significantly high prevalence of depression; therefore, it is vital to conduct regular screening for depression in patients diagnosed with T2DM.
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15
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Badedi M, Muhajir A, Alnami A, Darraj H, Alamoudi A, Agdi Y, Mujayri A, Ageeb A. The severity and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29215. [PMID: 35550472 PMCID: PMC9276086 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objectives of the current study were to assess the severity and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among Saudi adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 412 patients with COVID-19 selected randomly from the Health Electronic Surveillance Network system, which contains the primary data on COVID-19 infections in Jazan. RESULTS COVID-19 disease duration was significantly longer in patients with T2DM (mean = 10.7 days) compared with those without T2DM (mean = 8.3 days) (P = .01). Six (7%) patients experienced an increase in blood glucose concentrations and had to escalate their total daily insulin dose accordingly. Median fasting and random blood glucose levels increased after infection with COVID-19 (pre-COVID median = 119 and 172 mg/dL, respectively; post-COVID median = 148 and 216 mg/dL, respectively) (P = .02). The total insulin dose pre-COVID (median = 42 units/d) increased after infection with COVID-19 (median = 58 units/d) (P = .01). Most patients with T2DM had clinical COVID-19 symptoms (91%) and the remainder (9%) were asymptomatic. A large proportion (80%) of T2DM patients with mild COVID-19 symptoms self-isolated at home. COVID-19 patients with T2DM (11%) who had an oxygen saturation of ≤ 90% and admitted to the intensive care unit were higher than those without T2DM (5%) (P = < .001). COVID-19 patients with T2DM (9%) had higher mortality rate than COVID-19 patients without T2DM (1%) (P = < .001). CONCLUSION COVID-19 patients with T2DM were associated with a higher risk of admission to the intensive care unit and mortality than COVID-19 patients without T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Awaji Alnami
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Darraj
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymn Alamoudi
- Faculty of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Agdi
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahoud Mujayri
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Ageeb
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Biopsychosocial and Nutritional Factors of Depression among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084888. [PMID: 35457752 PMCID: PMC9031597 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of depression among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients has triggered an alarming situation, and further actions need to be taken by health care professionals and policymakers to curb the issue. There is a lack of evidence review in terms of the biopsychosocial and nutritional factors that are related to depression among T2DM. Hence, this review aimed to identify available evidence on the biopsychosocial and nutritional factors associated with depression among T2DM patients based on the existing literature. Articles were systematically searched from four databases, namely PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCOHost. The approach for the identification of the final articles followed PRISMA guidelines. The selected full-text articles were published between 2017 and 2021 in the English language, and included studies focused on depression among T2DM patients. Using AXIS tools, the eligible articles were evaluated to assess the quality of studies. A total of 19 studies were included in the review, and information related to research questions and associated factors was extracted. Biological, psychological, social, and nutritional factors were shown to be linked with depression among T2DM patients. Future studies need to considered using the biopsychosocial model and incorporating nutritional factors to manage the issues of depression among T2DM patients.
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17
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Abdirahman HA, Hassan T, AbuAlUla NA, Jacobsen KH. Knowledge and Attitudes About Type 2 Diabetes Among Female Nursing Students in Saudi Arabia. WORLD MEDICAL & HEALTH POLICY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Farghaly S, Badedi M, Ibrahim R, Sadhan MH, Alamoudi A, Alnami A, Muhajir A. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28639. [PMID: 35060549 PMCID: PMC8772621 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of pulmonary fibrosis is a rare complication of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Limited information is available in the literature about that, and the present study aimed to address this gap.This case-control study included 64 patients with post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis who were hospitalized for COVID-19.The percentage of patients aged ≥65 years (44%) who demised was higher than those who survived (25%). Male patients (62%) had higher mortality than female patients (37%). The most frequently reported clinical symptoms were shortness of breath (98%), cough (91%), and fever (70%). Most COVID-19 patients with pulmonary fibrosis (81%) were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), and 63% required mechanical ventilation. Bilateral lung infiltrates (94%), "ground glass" opacity (91%), "honeycomb" lung (25%), and pulmonary consolidation (9%) were commonly identified in COVID-19 patients with pulmonary fibrosis who survived. The findings for computed tomography and dyspnea scale were significantly higher in severe cases admitted to the ICU who required mechanical ventilation. A higher computerized tomography score also correlated significantly with a longer duration of stay in hospital and a higher degree of dyspnea. Half of the COVID-19 patients with pulmonary fibrosis (50%) who survived required oxygen therapy, and those with "honeycomb" lung required long-term oxygen therapy to a far greater extent than others. Cox regression revealed that smoking and asthma were significantly associated with ICU admission and the risk of mortality.Post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis is a severe complication that leads to permanent lung damage or death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Farghaly
- Pulmonology Department, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Badedi
- Administration of Research & Studies, Jazan Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Ibrahim
- Pulmonology Department, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murad H. Sadhan
- Radiology Department, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymn Alamoudi
- Faculty of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awaji Alnami
- Administration of Research & Studies, Jazan Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Sayed Ahmed HA, Fouad AM, Elotla SF, Joudeh AI, Mostafa M, Shah A, Shah J, Mohamed SF. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetes Distress, Depression and Anxiety Among Primary Care Patients With Type 2 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:937973. [PMID: 35722556 PMCID: PMC9203894 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.937973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing worldwide. T2DM is often complicated by a range of psychological disorders that interfere with glycemic control and self-care. Previous studies have reported diabetes distress, depression, and anxiety among patients with T2DM; however; little is known about the burden of these comorbid mental disorders in primary care patients with T2DM treated in Egypt during the COVID-19 era. Participants were selected by convenient sampling from eight rural primary healthcare facilities from Ismailia in Egypt. Symptoms of diabetes distress, depression and anxiety were assessed by using the Arabic version of the 20-item Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID), Patient Health Questionnaire 9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scales, respectively. Multiple hierarchical logistic regression models were used to estimate the significant factors associated with diabetes distress, depression, and anxiety. A total of 403 individuals with T2DM were interviewed. The prevalence of severe diabetes distress was 13.4% (95% CI: 10.1-16.7), while prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was 9.2% (95% CI: 6.4-12.0%), and 4.0% (95% CI: 2.1-5.9), respectively. In a series of hierarchical logistic regression models, significant predictors for diabetes distress were being married, illiterate, not-working, living with insufficient income, and having multi-comorbidities. Likewise, the significant predictors for depression and anxiety were elevated glycated hemoglobin level and the higher PAID total score, while having multi-comorbidities was a significant predictor for anxiety only. Diabetes distress was more prevalent than depressive and anxiety symptoms in this study population. Several sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were identified to be related with psychological problems among patients with T2DM, which necessitate a multidisciplinary team-based approach for optimal screening and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem A Sayed Ahmed
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mahmoud Fouad
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sally Fawzy Elotla
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Anwar I Joudeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mona Mostafa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Asghar Shah
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jaffer Shah
- Medical Research Center, Kateb University, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Samar F Mohamed
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Batais MA, Alfraiji AF, Alyahya AA, Aloofi OA, Almashouq MK, Alshehri KS, Almizel AM, Alotaibi MT, Alosaimi FD. Assessing the Prevalence of Diabetes Distress and Determining Its Psychosocial Predictors Among Saudi Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:759454. [PMID: 35002853 PMCID: PMC8729169 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.759454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the global burden of diabetes distress has increased significantly worldwide, imposing mental health issues on patients and the healthcare system. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes distress and determine its psychosocial predictors among Saudi adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at Diabetes Clinics, Tertiary Care Academic Medical Center, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The survey questionnaire was distributed to 423 participants. The sample size was 384, where the prevalence of diabetes distress was 48.5%. Based on 5% precision and a confidence interval of 95%, the response rate was 78.25% (334 respondents), among which 61.4% of respondents were females, the remaining 38.6% were males, and the mean age was 56.39 years. The mean scores for the Saudi Arabian Diabetes Distress Scale-17 (SADDS-17) subdomains including emotional burden, physician-related distress, regimen-related distress, and interpersonal distress were 2.63 ± 1.29, 2.31 ± 1.44, 2.48 ± 1.16, and 2.23 ± 1.24, respectively. Based on the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument, Short Version (WHOQOL-BREF) transformed scores, the quality of life was recorded as 62.7%. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) score (r = 0.287, p < 0.01) and the total SADDS-17 scores. The Patient Health Questionaire (PHQ) 15 scores showed significant positive correlations with the total SADDS-17 scores (r = 0.288, p < 0.01) and each of the four subdomains. Our present study revealed that diabetes distress prevalence is alarmingly high among patients in Saudi Arabia, Riyadh. Our findings provide evidence that physical symptoms, quality of life, depression, and anxiety are the notable predictors of diabetes distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Batais
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fahad D. Alosaimi
- Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Aljohani W, Algohani L, Alzahrani A, Bazuhair M, Bawakid A, Aljuid L, Al-Ahdal A. Prevalence of Depression Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes at King Abdullah Medical City. Cureus 2021; 13:e18447. [PMID: 34745773 PMCID: PMC8560658 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes is one of the most common endocrine diseases worldwide. Type 2 diabetes and depression are commonly comorbid, high-prevalence, chronic disorders. Individuals with diabetes mellitus may have concurrent mental health disorders and are shown to have poorer disease outcomes. However, the evidence for clinical correlation is still unclear. Objectives To find the prevalence of depression among patients with type 2 diabetes at King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC). Materials and methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at KAMC in Makkah, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Study participants were 267 people with type 2 diabetes (aged between 18-70 years). Those who had preexisting depression or drank alcohol, pregnant women, and postpartum women were excluded from the study. Participants' clinical and demographic data and depression assessment were obtained on phone through an interview and using the Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test results of participants were collected electronically. Results The participants' mean age was 57.88 ± 8.71 years, and 64.4% were males. Only 15.4% were current smokers and 16.9% were ex-smokers. The most common medical condition was hypertension (65.2%) and the majority (92.1%) had uncontrolled HbA1c with a mean value of 8.37 ± 1.92. Among the studied patients, 73% suffered from different degrees of depression; 36%, 19.9%, 8.6%, 5.2%, and 3.4% of the participants were suffering from minimal, mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression, respectively. Only neuropathy was a significant risk factor of depression (odds ratio=2.87, 95% confidence interval=1.18-6.97, p=0.02). Conclusion Depressive symptoms are common in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes who also suffer from neuropathy and retinopathy. Hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and unhealthy diet had a significant correlation with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Latifa Aljuid
- Biochemistry, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Amin Al-Ahdal
- Family Medicine, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, SAU
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22
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Factors Associated with Diabetes-Related Distress in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/jim-2021-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with diabetes-related distress (DRD) in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Material and Methods: This was an analysis of data previously obtained from two cross-sectional studies, in which medical charts review and direct interviews were employed to obtain medical and demographic data. Vital status assessment and anthropometric measurements were performed. The patients filled out specific questionnaires for DRD (DDS-17), symptoms of depression (PHQ-9), and of anxiety (GAD-7). A clinical meaningful threshold for DRD was set at ≥2.0 points. Symptoms of depression and anxiety, number of chronic complications, therapy for T2DM, anthropometric and cardio-metabolic parameters, as well as demographic, socio-economic data, and lifestyle habits were evaluated as factors possibly associated with DRD by univariate and multiple regression analyses.
Results: A total of 271 patients with T2DM were included in this analysis, of whom 25.1% presented a DDS-17 score ≥2 points (and 9.96% a DDS-17 score ≥3). Subjects with a DDS-17 score ≥2 had higher HbA1c levels (p = 0.018), PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores (p <0.0001 for both). The multiple regression model indicated that anxiety (p = 0.026), depression (p = 0.001), and ethnicity (p = 0.002) were significantly correlated with DRD (p <0.0001). With regards to subscales, the HbA1c (p = 0.005) and PHQ-9 score (p <0.0001) were significantly associated with emotional burden, ethnicity (p = 0.001) and depression (p = 0.004) with regimen-related distress, whereas ethnicity (p = 0.010) and GAD-7 score (p = 0.012) with interpersonal distress.
Conclusions: Psychosocial factors like depression, anxiety, or ethnicity significantly contribute to DRD in patients with T2DM, and worse glycemic control is associated with emotional burden.
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Badedi M, Alnami A, Darraj H, Alrajhi A, Mutawwam DA, Somaily M, Alshareefi A, Muhajir A, Majrabi Y. Clinical characteristics and ABO blood groups in COVID-19 patients, Saudi Arabia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26738. [PMID: 34397712 PMCID: PMC8322480 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the proportion of ABO blood groups and clinical characteristics among Saudi patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Jazan, Saudi Arabia.This retrospective cohort study included 404 Saudi adults with COVID-19, confirmed by the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The participants were selected randomly between July 1, 2020, and July 31, 2020, from the Health Electronic Surveillance Network system, which contains the primary data on COVID-19 infections in Jazan.Blood type O (62.4%) represented the highest proportion in COVID-19 Saudi patients followed by the other blood groups which distributed as follows: blood type A (25.5%), blood type B (10.1%), and blood type AB (2%). Men, and people aged 18-44 years, represented the higher percentage than women and those of a younger age. The majority of the patients with COVID-19 had clinical symptoms (88.4%), and the remainder (11.6%) were asymptomatic. Ninety four percent of the patients had mild COVID-19 symptoms and self-isolated at home. Only 6.4% of the cases were severe and admitted to hospital. There was no significant association between a specific ABO blood group and COVID-19 clinical symptoms (P = .950), incubation period (P = .780), disease duration (P = .430), and disease severity (P = .340). Old age and diabetes were the significant predictors of COVID-19 severity and hospital admission (P = .010).Blood group O represented the highest proportion of COVID-19 Saudi patients as it is the most common blood group in Saudi individuals in Jazan. However, no specific blood group was associated with COVID-19 severity and hospital admission. Old age and diabetes mellitus were shown to be significant predictors of severe COVID-19 and hospital admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Badedi
- Administration of Research & Studies, Jazan Health, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Anas Alrajhi
- Adminstration of Infectious Diseases in Jazan Health, Saudi Arabia
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Badedi M, Darraj H, Alnami AQ, Makrami A, Mahfouz MS, Alhazmi K, Mahmoud N, Mosa H. Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Deceased COVID-19 Patients. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:3809-3819. [PMID: 34335047 PMCID: PMC8317935 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s320713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Fatalities due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continue to increase, and information on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of deceased patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 is limited in the Arab region. The current study aimed to address this gap. Methods Three hundred and four Saudi patients in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia, who died after being hospitalized with COVID-19 between July 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020, were analyzed in this retrospective cohort study. Results A greater proportion of male patients (59%), compared to female patients (41%), died due to COVID-19. Just over half (55%) of the deaths due to COVID-19 affected patients aged ≥65 years. More than two-thirds of the deceased COVID-19 patients had diabetes (70%) and hypertension (69%); other comorbidities were obesity (30%), heart disease (30%), and chronic kidney disease (14%). Dyspnea (91%), cough (80%), and fever (70%) were the most frequently reported clinical symptoms. Eighty-five per cent of COVID-19 deaths occurred in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 90% of the patients required mechanical ventilation. Typically, lymphopenia, and neutrophilia were observed on admission and 24 hours prior to death. Creatinine and serum ferritin levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and D-dimer plasma levels increased significantly following infection with COVID-19. Lung infiltrates and pulmonary opacity (83%) were the most common findings on chest X-ray. Respiratory failure (70%) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (52%) were the leading complications to death. Logistic and Cox regression revealed that a higher age, smoking, high creatinine and aspartate transaminase levels, and respiratory failure were significantly associated with the risk of mortality during the early stay in hospitals. Conclusion The proportion of comorbidities was high in deceased patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. A higher age, smoking, and respiratory failure were significant predictors of mortality during the early stay in hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Badedi
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Darraj
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awaji Qasem Alnami
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Makrami
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Nahid Mahmoud
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Halimh Mosa
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
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Mohammad Rahimi GR, Aminzadeh R, Azimkhani A, Saatchian V. The Effect of Exercise Interventions to Improve Psychosocial Aspects and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Biol Res Nurs 2021; 24:10-23. [PMID: 34235949 DOI: 10.1177/10998004211022849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have a raised risk of developing depression compared with non-diabetic people. OBJECTIVE The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the impacts of exercise training interventions to improve psychosocial aspects and glycemic control in T2DM patients. DATA SOURCES PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases and reference lists of included studies were searched. STUDY SELECTION The selection criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using an exercise intervention with or without dietary advice on psychological aspects and glycemic control in T2DM patients, up to January 2021. Meta-analyses were performed using the random-effects model. The analysis included 17 RCTs with 2,127 participants. RESULTS In the pooled analysis, improvements were seen in depression, standard mean difference (SMD) -0.65 (95% confidence interval (CI) -1.03 to -0.28, p = 0.0006), mental health SMD: 0.53 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.76, p < 0.00001), and HbA1c, weighted mean difference (WMD) -0.51% (95% CI -0.97 to -0.04, p = 0.03). There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups for bodily pain, social functioning, and fasting glucose (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our systematic review and meta-analysis displayed that exercise training interventions decreased depression and HbA1c and increased mental health in individuals with T2DM. Further longer-term and high-quality clinical trials are required to additional assess and confirm the findings presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Aminzadeh
- Department of Sports Sciences, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Azimkhani
- Department of Sports Sciences, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Saatchian
- Department of Sports Sciences, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
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Noman SM, Arshad J, Zeeshan M, Rehman AU, Haider A, Khurram S, Cheikhrouhou O, Hamam H, Shafiq M. An Empirical Study on Diabetes Depression over Distress Evaluation Using Diagnosis Statistical Manual and Chi-Square Method. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073755. [PMID: 33916851 PMCID: PMC8038424 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes distress is an alternative disorder that is often associated with depression syndromes. Psychosocial distress is an alternative disorder that acts as a resistance to diabetes self-care management and compromises diabetes control. Yet, in Nigeria, the focus of healthcare centers is largely inclined toward the medical aspect of diabetes that neglects psychosocial care. In this retrospective study, specific distress was measured by the Diabetes Distress Screening (DDS) scale, and depression was analyzed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Diagnosis Statistics Manual (DSM) criteria in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients of Northwestern Nigeria. Additionally, we applied the Chi-square test and linear regression to measure the forecast prevalence ratio and evaluate the link between the respective factors that further determine the odd ratios and coefficient correlations in five nonintrusive variables, namely age, gender, physical exercise, diabetes history, and smoking. In total, 712 sample patients were taken, with 51.68% male and 47.31% female patients. The mean age and body mass index (BMI) was 48.6 years ± 12.8 and 45.6 years ± 8.3. Based on the BDI prediction, 90.15% of patients were found depressed according to the DSM parameters, and depression prevalence was recorded around 22.06%. Overall, 88.20% of patients had DDS-dependent diabetes-specific distress with a prevalence ratio of 24.08%, of whom 45.86% were moderate and 54.14% serious. In sharp contrast, emotion-related distress of 28.96% was found compared to interpersonal (23.61%), followed by physician (16.42%) and regimen (13.21%) distress. The BDI-based matching of depression signs was also statistically significant with p < 0.001 in severe distress patients. However, 10.11% of patients were considered not to be depressed by DSM guidelines. The statistical evidence indicates that depression and distress are closely correlated with age, sex, diabetes history, physical exercise, and smoking influences. The facts and findings in this work show that emotional distress was found more prevalent. This study is significant because it considered several sociocultural and religious differences between Nigeria and large, undeveloped, populated countries with low socioeconomic status and excessive epidemiological risk. Finally, it is important for the clinical implications of T2DM patients on their initial screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail M. Noman
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China;
| | - Jehangir Arshad
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Al-Nafees Medical College and Hospital, Isra University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Ateeq Ur Rehman
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Amir Haider
- Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Shahzada Khurram
- Faculty of Computing, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Omar Cheikhrouhou
- College of CIT, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Habib Hamam
- Faculty of Engineering, Moncton University, Moncton, NB E1A3E9, Canada;
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Geleta BA, Dingata ST, Emanu MD, Eba LB, Abera KB, Tsegaye D. Prevalence of Diabetes Related Distress and Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients Attending Hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study. Patient Relat Outcome Meas 2021; 12:13-22. [PMID: 33542669 PMCID: PMC7850978 DOI: 10.2147/prom.s290412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes related distress is the most common psychological co-morbid condition among type 2 diabetes patients. However, although the number of people living with diabetes has continued to increase over the last 10 years, information regarding diabetes related distress is limited in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of diabetes related distress and associated factors among type 2 diabetes patients attending hospitals in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was employed on 360 type 2 diabetes patients attending hospitals from January 1 to March 30, 2020. Convenient sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were entered into EpiData manager version 4.2.2 and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions. The statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS Out of a total 360 patients recruited, 321 (89.2%) patients (201 male and 120 female) were involved in the study. The mean age of the participants was 41.3 (SD = 12.8) years. The prevalence of diabetes related distress was 118 (36.8%) in which emotional distress was the most prevalent (43.6%) domain. Level of education [AOR 4.55; 95% CI: 1.28-16.19], family or social support [AOR 0.62; 95% CI: 0.33-1.06], duration of diabetes [AOR 0.75; 95% CI: 0.35-1.55], having diabetes complications [AOR 1.98; 95% CI: 1.0-3.86], smoking status [AOR 1.6; 95% CI: 1.12-2.97] and alcohol consumption status [AOR 1.4; 95% CI: 1.07-2.53] were the identified factors of diabetes related distress. CONCLUSION Diabetes related distress was highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes patients. Healthcare providers need to address this through integrating psychosocial care with collaborative medical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonsa Amsalu Geleta
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia
| | | | - Milkias Dugassa Emanu
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia
| | - Lemi Bacha Eba
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia
| | - Kebebe Bidira Abera
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia
| | - Dereje Tsegaye
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia
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Badedi M, Makrami A, Alnami A. Co-morbidity and blood group type risk in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: A case-control study. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:550-554. [PMID: 33756193 PMCID: PMC7833201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of the study was to assess mortality risk associated with co-morbidities and blood group type in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Methods This case–control study enrolled 323 Saudi adults with COVID-19, confirmed by real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. The participants were selected randomly between August 31, 2020, and July 1, 2020, from the Health Electronic Surveillance Network system, which contains the primary data on COVID-19 infections in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The sample included 108 patients who died due to COVID-19 disease and 215 controls who recovered from it (1:2 ratio). The chi-square test, independent samples t-test, and logistic regression were used to perform the statistical analysis. Results Mortality was higher in older age patients with COVID-19 (mean = 65.4 years, standard deviation [SD] = 15.6) compared to recovered patients (mean = 39.5 years, SD = 14.8) (p < 0.001) with a moderate effect size (eta squared = 0.06). Diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR] = 9.4), hypertension (OR = 8.6), cardiovascular disease (OR = 7.4), chronic kidney disease (OR = 3.3), and obesity (OR = 2.0) were significantly associated with death due to COVID-19. Using logistic regression analysis, older age and diabetes mellitus were the primary independent predictors of COVID-19 mortality. However, there was no significant association between a specific ABO blood group and mortality risk (P = 0.07). Conclusion Older age and the presence of co-morbidities, especially diabetes mellitus, increased the risk of death in patients with COVID-19. Establishing the causality of death in patients with COVID-19 should be a key aim of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Badedi
- Administration of Research & Studies, Jazan Health, Saudi Arabia.
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Association between Depression, Antidepression Medications, and the Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study in Taiwan. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8857230. [PMID: 33506043 PMCID: PMC7810559 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8857230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between depression, antidepressant medications (ADMs), and the risk of subsequent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development remains controversial. Thus, we investigated this aspect by a population-based retrospective cohort study using the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 available in Taiwan. This large, observational study included 46,201 patients with depression and a 1 : 1 age- and sex-matched nondepression cohort enrolled between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2013, and the newly diagnosed T2DM incidence rates were determined. We estimated the effects of depression on T2DM and the cumulative incidence curves by Cox proportional regression hazard models and Kaplan-Meier methods, respectively. We found that 47.97% of the patients with depression did not receive ADM. Among patients with depression who received ADM, 29.71%, 6.29%, 0.05%, 9.65%, and 6.32% received selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), heterocyclic antidepressants, and other medications, respectively. Patients without ADM treatment had a 39% higher risk of developing T2DM. However, those who received ADM treatment had a significantly lower risk of T2DM development in every treatment category. Depressive disorder treated with ADMs, especially with long-term use, was associated with an 11–48% decrease in the risk of T2DM in all ADM groups; however, heterocyclic antidepressant treatment for shorter periods (<80 days) was not significantly associated with a decreased risk of T2DM. The incidence of T2DM in Taiwan was found to be associated with an a priori history of depression and was inversely correlated with ADM treatment.
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