Awake craniotomy for auditory brainstem implant in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2: Four case reports

Table 1 Patient characteristics and demographic data

Case	Age (yr)	Sex	BMI (kg/m2)	Preoperative hearing status	Comorbidities	Surgical side
1	43	F	20	Severe hearing loss in left and mild in right	None	Left
2	31	M	26	Complete hearing loss in left ear and profound hearing loss in right	Left-sided lesions at the C3-C4 and C6-C7 intervertebral foraminal areas, 14 years after resection of cervical spinal schwannomas	Left
3	38	M	25	Bilateral total deafness	Total deafness	Left
4	24	F	17	Complete hearing loss in right ear and severe hearing loss in right ear	Anxiety	Right

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Summary of intraoperative anesthetic management of awake craniotomy

Case	Duration of the first phase (min)	The interval of time between discontinuation and eye opening (min)	The interval of time between discontinuation and full cooperation (min)	The plasma propofol awakening concentration (μg/mL)	Duration of hearing test (min)
1	336	41	47	0.6	56
2	354	60	65	0.6	77
3	367	65	70	0.5	62

Table 3 Intraoperative adverse events

Case	Adverse events during wake-up hearing test	Treatment measures
1	No event	No event
2	Neck pain	Flurbiprofen 50 mg
3	Nausea and vomiting	Ondansetron 4 mg, methylprednisolone 40 mg and adjusting the position of electrode array
4	Agitation	Aborting the awake surgery