Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Clin Cases. Apr 16, 2021; 9(11): 2584-2594
Published online Apr 16, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i11.2584
Table 1 Initial laboratory data consistent with sepsis
Variables
Results
Normal range
White blood cells10.37 × 109/L4-10 × 109/L
Percentage of neutrophils81%50%-70%
Hemoglobin11.9 g/dL11.5-15 g/dL
Platelets69 × 109/L100-300 × 109/L
Alanine aminotransferase21 IU/L9-50 IU/L
Aspartate aminotransferase23 IU/L15-40 IU/L
Total bilirubin0.58 mg/dL0.29-1.2 mg/dL
Creatinine1.66 mg/dL0.3-1.0 mg/dL
CRP 175.1 mg/L0.068-8.2 mg/L
PCT> 100 ng/mL< 0.05 ng/mL
Glycosylated hemoglobin9%4%-6%
Urine white blood cells325/μL0-5/μL
Table 2 Cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis diagnosed by point-of care ultrasound
Ref.
Age in yr
Sex
Diabetes/comorbidities
Class of EPN
Treatment strategy
Outcome
Location of gas on ultrasound
POCUS features
McCafferty et al[3], 201784WomanDiabetes/CKD/hypertensionClass 2MM + nephrectomy Recovered Renal cortexHyperechoic focus/dirty shadowing
Stone et al[19], 200547WomanDiabetesClass 3AMM + nephrectomyDeathRenal parenchymaEchogenic foci/dirty shadowing
Peng et al[44], 201768WomanDiabetesClass 3AMM + nephrectomyRecoveredPerirenal space Poor delineation of the kidney
Koratala et al[45], 201922WomanDiabetesNMNMNMRenal parenchymaHyperechoic focus/dirty shadowing/B-lines
Brown et al[46], 201960ManDiabetesClass 3AMM + PCD + DBJ stentingRecoveredRenal parenchyma/collecting systemA-lines