Follow-up study on symptom distress in esophageal cancer patients undergoing repeated dilation

Table 1 Dilatation times in esophageal carcinoma patients repeatedly undergoing dilation for esophageal stenosis

	Achieved marked effect		Cumulative percentage	Did not achieve significant results
	n	Percentage (%)		n	Percentage (%)
1 time	3	2.86	2.86	102	97.14
2 times	6	5.88	8.57	96	94.12
3 times	43	44.79	49.52	53	55.21
4 times	5	9.43	54.29	48	90.57
5 times	18	37.50	71.43	30	62.50
6 times	17	56.67	87.62	13	43.33

Table 2 Dilatation effect in esophageal carcinoma patients repeatedly undergoing dilation for esophageal stenosis

	1st time (n = 105)	2nd time (n = 102)	3rd time (n = 96)	4th time (n = 53)	5th time (n = 48)	6th time (n = 30)	7th time (n = 13)	F/P value
R1 (mm)	5.16 ± 1.67	5.65 ± 0.99	6.37 ± 0.67	6.99 ± 1.18	7.27 ± 2.10	7.85 ± 2.74	8.21 ± 3.41	34.71/0.01a
R2 (mm)	12.06 ± 2.92	12.27 ± 2.13	12.24 ± 1.69	12.62 ± 1.44	12.65 ± 2.39	13.27 ± 1.63	13.97 ± 2.11	16.95/0.00a
R2-R1 (mm)	6.90 ± 1.03	6.62 ± 0.99	5.87 ± 1.54	5.63 ± 0.89	5.38 ± 1.41	5.42 ± 1.10	5.76 ± 0.84	3.29/0.00a

^aP< 0.05.

Table 3 Symptom distress score (mean ± SD) of esophageal cancer patients who underwent repeated dilation for esophageal stenosis

	After the 1st dilation (n = 105)	After the 2nd dilation (n = 102)	After the 3rd dilation (n = 96)	After the 4th dilation (n = 53)	After the 5th dilation (n = 48)	After the 6th dilation (n = 30)	After the 7th dilation (n = 13)	F/P value
Total score	185.49 ± 15.04	190.62 ± 14.83	189.11 ± 12.76	191.37 ± 14.20	193.55 ± 12.37	192.17 ± 15.10	194.04 ± 11.21	38.97/0.00a
Symptom dimension	106.37 ± 8.79	111.08 ± 5.99	108.39 ± 4.11	110.35 ± 8.37	114.70 ± 6.81	110.24 ± 7.28	112.33 ± 9.10	14.24/0.00a
Distress dimension	79.12 ± 2.66	79.54 ± 1.09	80.72 ± 1.37	81.02 ± 1.57	78.85 ± 1.98	81.93 ± 2.19	81.71 ± 6.68	17.64/0.00a

^aP< 0.05.

Table 4 Symptom incidence and item score in esophageal carcinoma patients repeatedly undergoing dilation for esophageal stenosis

After the 1st dilation (n = 105)			After the 2nd dilation (n = 102)			After the 3rd dilation (n = 96)			After the 4th dilation (n = 53)			After the 5th dilation (n = 48)			After the 6th dilation (n = 30)			After the 7th dilation (n = 13)
Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD
Dysphagia	63.2	6.4 ± 1.8	Dysphagia	58.9	6.2 ± 1.6	Dysphagia	69.1	6.7 ± 2.4	Distress	78.4	7.3 ± 2.6	Sadness	77.4	7.5 ± 3.1	Cough	78.1	7.3 ± 1.9	Sadness	79.6	7.9 ± 2.8
Pain	61.1	5.8 ± 2.3	Cough	56.6	6.1 ± 2.3	Weight loss	69.3	7.1 ± 1.8	Dysphagia	70.6	6.9 ± 3.1	Cough	73.9	6.6 ± 2.4	Sadness	77.5	7.3 ± 2.6	Fatigue	70	7.1 ± 1.7
Distress	57.3	6.1 ± 2.1	Pain	51.2	6.6 ± 1.4	Pain	67.9	6.8 ± 2.1	Fatigue	68.3	7.6 ± 2.2	Weight loss	70.1	7.1 ± 3.6	Fatigue	73.1	7.6 ± 2.7	Weight loss	69.5	6.9 ± 2.4

Table 5 Distress incidence and item score in esophageal carcinoma patients repeatedly undergoing dilation for esophageal stenosis

After the 1st dilation (n = 105)			After the 2nd dilation (n = 102)			After the 3rd dilation (n = 96)			After the 4th dilation (n = 53)			After the 5th dilation (n = 48)			After the 6th dilation (n = 30)			After the 7th dilation (n = 13)
Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD	Item	%	mean ± SD
Work	49.3	4.7 ± 1.1	Work	56.7	4.8 ± 1.4	Emotion	56.2	4.7 ± 2.3	Emotion	57.3	5.1 ± 2.4	Life fun	49.6	4.7 ± 2.2	Life fun	51.4	5.2 ± 3.0	General activities	54.8	5.2 ± 2.4
Emotion	49	4.2 ± 1.2	Emotion	52.5	4.6 ± 2.2	General activities	40.6	4.2 ± 1.6	Life fun	40.7	4.5 ± 1.8	2 Emotion	48.1	4.9 ± 1.3	General activities	37.2	5.0 ± 2.9	Emotion	43.7	5.3 ± 1.7
General activities	32.1	3.8 ± 0.9	Life fun	50.9	3.9 ± 1.7	Life fun	37.3	4.1 ± 2.0	General activities	40.7	4.1 ± 2.3	3 General activities	31.7	4.9 ± 2.4	Emotion	37	4.9 ± 1.8	Life fun	42.9	3.9 ± 1.1

Table 6 Correlation between symptom distress and dilatation effect in esophageal carcinoma patients repeatedly undergoing dilation for esophageal stenosis (r)

	Symptom distress after the 1st dilation (n = 105)	Symptom distress after the 2nd dilation (n = 102)	Symptom distress after the 3rd dilation (n = 96)	Symptom distress after the 4th dilation (n = 53)	Symptom distress after the 5th dilation (n = 48)	Symptom distress after the 6th dilation (n = 30)	Symptom distress after the 7th dilation (n = 13)
R2-R1	-0.356a	-0.332a	-0.665a	-0.157a	-0.675a	-0.293b	-0.273a
R2	-0.185a	-0.257a	-0.392a	-0.366a	-0.119	-0.665a	-0.227a

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

Table 7 Correlation between symptom distress and severity of esophageal restenosis in esophageal carcinoma patients repeatedly undergoing dilation for esophageal stenosis (r)

	Symptom distress after the 1st dilation (n = 105)	Symptom distress after the 2nd dilation (n = 102)	Symptom distress after the 3rd dilation (n = 96)	Symptom distress after the 4th dilation (n = 53)	Symptom distress after the 5th dilation (n = 48)	Symptom distress after the 6th dilation (n = 30)
R12	0.304b	-0.306a	-0.311b	-0.565b	-0.198	-0.278

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.