Home quarantine compliance is low in children with fever during COVID-19 epidemic

Table 1 Prevention and control measures for home quarantine

Item	Measure
Duration	7 d of continuous home quarantine
Mask usage	Wear masks properly when in close contact with family members
Cough etiquette	Cover coughs and sneezes with your elbow, not hands
Hand hygiene	Wash hands frequently and do not touch mouth, nose, eyes, and other parts of the face without washing hands
Distance	Keep 1.5 m distance from patients
Ventilation	Keep the rooms clean and ventilated: Half an hour in the morning, noon, and night. Keep warm during ventilation
Air conditioning	Do not use air conditioning, especially central air conditioning
Socialising	Do not gather with others who are not family
Disinfection	Swab articles used by the patient with 75% alcohol or soak in hot water (> 56°C) for 30 min
Mask disposal	Seal used masks in fresh bags and put them in the trash

Table 2 Demographic data of the study subjects (n = 495)

Item	Category	n/average	%
Age of patients (yr)		3.56 ± 2.89
Gender of patients	Male	292	58.99
	Female	203	41.01
Age of patients	Baby	131	26.46
	Child	134	27.08
	Preschool children	121	24.44
	Schoolage children	109	22.02
Gender of caregiver	Male	286	57.78
	Female	209	42.22
Age of caregiver	Young	140	28.28
	Middle-aged	172	34.75
	Elderly	183	36.97
Education level of caregiver	Primary school or below	249	50.30
	Secondary school	50	10.10
	University or above	196	39.60
Place of residence	Urban area	335	67.68
	Rural area	160	32.32
Number of children in the family	1	261	52.73
	≥ 2	234	47.27
Type of information on quarantine measures	Intensive	294	59.39
	General	201	40.61

Table 3 Compliance to home quarantine measures

Measure	Full adherence		Basic adherence		Occasional adherence		No adherence		Score
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	Average	SD
Disinfection	314	63.43%	177	35.76%	4	0.81%	0	0.00%	1.43	0.58
Distance	1	0.20%	85	17.17%	159	32.12%	250	50.51%	1.56	0.75
Hand hygiene	0	0.00%	118	23.84%	105	21.21%	272	54.95%	1.65	0.83
Mask usage	4	0.81%	103	20.81%	105	21.21%	283	57.17%	1.67	0.76
Cough etiquette	0	0.00%	79	15.96%	119	24.04%	297	60.00%	1.69	0.83
Mask disposal	31	6.26%	442	89.29%	22	4.44%	0	0.00%	2.59	1.09
Ventilation	483	97.58%	12	2.42%	0	0.00%	0	0.00%	3.02	0.33
Socialising	95	19.19%	400	80.81%	0	0.00%	0	0.00%	3.19	0.39
Duration	0	0.00%	21	4.24%	173	34.95%	301	60.81%	3.63	0.50
Air conditioning	111	22.42%	196	39.60%	64	12.93%	124	25.05%	3.98	0.15

Table 4 Single-factor analysis of factors influencing compliance

Group	Parameters	Compliance (%)		χ2	P value
		High	Low
Gender of patient	Male	134 (45.89)	158 (54.11)	9.681	0.002
	Female	122 (60.10)	81 (39.90)
Age of patient	Baby	28 (21.37)	103 (78.63)	138.131	< 0.001
	Infant	45 (33.58)	89 (66.42)
	Preschool	93 (76.86)	28 (23.14)
	School-age	90 (82.57)	19 (17.43)
Gender of caregiver	Male	134 (46.85)	152 (53.15)	6.418	0.011
	Female	122 (58.37)	87 (41.63)
Age of caregiver	Young	88 (61.11)	56 (38.89)	8.175	0.017
	Middle-aged	87 (50.58)	85 (49.42)
	Elderly	81 (45.25)	98 (54.75)
Education level of caregiver	Primary school or below	129 (51.81)	120 (48.19)	0.005	0.997
	Secondary school	26 (52.00)	24 (48.00)
	University or above	101 (51.53)	95 (48.47)
Place of residence	Urban area	169 (50.45)	166 (49.55)	0.669	0.413
	Rural area	87 (54.38)	73 (45.63)
Number of children in the family	1	155 (55.76)	123 (44.24)	4.141	0.042
	≥ 2	101 (46.54)	116 (53.46)
Explanation of quarantine measures by nurses	Yes	132 (63.16)	77 (36.84)	18.961	< 0.001
	No	124 (42.17)	162 (57.83)

Table 5 Variable assignment of the multivariate logistic regression analysis

Item	Variable	Assignment
Dependent variable	Compliance	High = 0, low = 1
Independent variable	Gender of patient	Female = 0, male = 1
	Age of patient	Baby = 1, infant = 2, preschool = 3, school-age = 4
	Gender of caregiver	Female = 0, male = 1
	Age of caregiver	Young = 1, middle-aged = 2, elderly = 3
	Education level of caregiver	Primary school or below = 1, secondary school = 2, university or above = 3
	Place of residence	Urban = 1, rural = 2
	Number of children in the family	1 = 1, ≥ 2 = 2
	Explanation of quarantine measures by nurses	No = 0, yes = 1

Table 6 Multivariate analysis of factors influencing compliance

	B	SE	Wald	P value	OR (95%CI)
Age of patient	-1.399	0.129	117.631	< 0.001	0.247 (0.192-0.318)
Explanation of quarantine measures by nurses	0.757	0.239	10.022	0.002	2.133 (1.334-3.409)
Number of children in the family	-0.263	0.239	1.211	0.271	0.768 (0.481-1.228)
Age of caregiver compared with young people
Middle-aged	0.365	0.291	1.573	0.210	1.441 (0.814-2.551)
Elderly	0.901	0.298	9.110	0.003	2.461 (1.371-4.418)