Congenital bronchobiliary fistula: A case report and review of the literature

Table 1 All cases of congenital bronchobiliary fistula reported to date

N	Year	Author	PMID	Type of fistula	Age	Sex	Diagnostic method	Operative method	Complications	Therapeutic effects
1	2018	Netto et al[36]		Tracheal carina	21 d	F	CT	Surgical excision and ligation + selective left hepatectomy	None	Recovered after the hospital stay
2	2016	Pérez et al[7]	27606661	Right main bronchus	22 d	M	Bronchus examination and CT	Laparoscopic excision + left hepatectomy and cholangiopancreatostomy	Biliary dysplasia	Followed for 1 yr, normal
3	2016	Kwon et al[37]	27000583	Right main bronchus	17 yr	M	Bronchus examination and CT and MR imaging	Laparoscopic resection and ligation	None	Followed for 10 mo, normal
4	2015	Kumar et al[38]	26628766	Right main bronchus	3 yr	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
5	2015	Kim et al[24]	25555959	Tracheal carina	17 yr	M	Bronchus examination and CT	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
6	2015	Mo et al[25]	25617079	Right main bronchus	66 yr	M	Bronchus examination and CT	Wedge resection of the lung + resection of the intrahepatic tumor	Intrahepatic ductal papillary mucinous tumors	Survived
7	2015	Yu et al[26]	27307938	Tracheal carina	5 d	M	Bronchus examination and CT	Right thoracotomy + Kasia procedure	Biliary dysplasia	Followed for 6 mo, normal
8	2011	Hodgdon et al[27]	21827062	Right main bronchus	52 yr	F	CT	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
9	2011	Sachdev et al[10]	21516501	Tracheal carina	2 yr 10 mo	M	Bronchus examination and CT	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Followed for 1 yr, normal
10	2011	Kumagai et al[28]	21297506	Tracheal carina	2 mo	F	Bronchus examination and MR imaging	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Followed for 7 mo, normal
11	2010	Tan et al[29]	20672712	Right main bronchus near carina	51 yr	F	Bronchus examination and CT	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Recovered after the hospital stay
12	2010	Croes et al[30]	20385268	Tracheal carina	3 d	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	Biliary dysplasia	Survived
13	2009	Najdi et al[31]	19586763	Tracheal carina	6 d	F	Bronchus examination and CT	Surgical excision and ligation	Meconium aspiration syndrome	Died on day 2 after surgery
14	2009	Günlemez et al[22]	19101328	Left main bronchus	9 d	F	CT	Surgical excision and ligation	Extrahepatic biliary atresia	Followed for 9 mo, normal
15	2008	Uramoto et al[3]	18628589	Tracheal carina	65 yr	F	Bronchus examination and CT	No surgery	Lung cancer	Died of lung cancer within 28 mo since diagnosis
16	2008	Chawla et al[20]	18478221	Tracheal carina	< 28 d	M	CT	Surgical excision and ligation	Biliary dysplasia	followed for 6 mo, normal
17	2005	Aguilar et al[32]	16021209	Tracheal carina	6 yr	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
18	2004	Hourigan et al[33]	14605784	Right main bronchus	13 d	M	MR imaging	Right thoracotomy + Kasia procedure	Biliary dysplasia	Survived
19	2002	DiFiore et al[15]	12149705	Right main bronchus	< 28 d	M	Intuition intraoperatively	Surgical removal + right diaphragmatic hernia repair	Right diaphragmatic hernia	Survived
20	2000	Duong et al[17]	10741248	Tracheal carina	3 yr	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
21	2000	Tommasoni et al[14]	10922138	Tracheal carina	1 yr 9 mo	F	Bronchus examination	Nissen procedure + surgical excision and ligation	Gastroesophageal reflux	Followed for 6 yr, normal
22	2000	Tommasoni et al[14]	10922138	Tracheal carina	2 yr 6 mo	M	Bronchus examination and angiography	Surgical excision and ligation	Funnel chest	Followed for 4 yr, normal
23	1998	Fischer et al[34]	9854540	left main Bronchus	16 d	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
24	1996	Egrari et al[35]	8783103	Tracheal carina	3 d	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
25	1996	Nishimura et al[39]	8741536	Right main bronchus	57 yr	F	CT	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Died
26	1994	Ferkol et al[19]	8194299	Left main bronchus	23 d	M	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	Biliary dysplasia	Died
27	1995	Tekant et al[5]	8035264	Tracheal carina	15 d	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	Biliary dysplasia	Survived
28	1993	Gauderer et al[4]	8468661	Tracheal carina	2 yr	M	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	Biliary dysplasia	Survived
29	1990	Yamaguchi et al[40]	2371608	Right main bronchus	32 yr	M	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
30	1989	Mavunda et al[41]		Left main bronchus	1 yr	F	CT	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
31	1988	de Carvalho et al[42]	3206388	Right main bronchus	32 yr	F	CT	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Followed for 1 yr, normal
32	1987	Levasseur et al[1]	3632120	Tracheal carina	22 yr	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
33	1986	Lindahl et al[18]	3746610	Right main bronchus	15 d	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
34	1985	Chang et al[9]	4001424	Right main bronchus	12 h	M	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
35	1984	Chan et al[12]	6697133	Right main bronchus	4 d	F	Not mentioned	Surgical excision and ligation	Biliary dysplasia	Died
36	1976	Kalayoğlu et al[11]	957073	Right main bronchus	4 d	F	Not mentioned	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Died
37	1974	Cuadros et al[43]		Tracheal carina	6 yr	M	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
38	1971	Sane et al[8]	5573334	Right main bronchus	4 wk	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
39	1970	Wagget et al[44]		Left main bronchus	3 wk	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	Biliary dysplasia	Survived
40	1968	Weitzman et al[45]	5667415	Right main bronchus	2 yr 9 mo	M	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
41	1966	Stigol et al[2]	5902432	Right main bronchus	1 yr 2 mo	F	Bronchus examination	Surgical excision and ligation	None	Survived
42	1963	Enjoji et al[46]		Right main bronchus	7 mo	M	Biopsy	No surgery	Biliary dysplasia	Died
43	1952	Neuhauser et al[6]	14914166	Right main bronchus	5 mo	F	Bronchus examination	No surgery	None	Died
44	2013	Zheng et al[23]		Tracheal carina	27 d	F	Bronchus examination and CT	Surgical excision and ligation	Biliary atresia	Survived

CBBF: Congenital bronchobiliary fistula; CT: Computed tomography; MR: Magnetic resonance; F: Female; M: Male.