Clinical use of low-dose aspirin for elders and sensitive subjects

Table 1 Use of LDA and upper gastrointestinal damages (ulcer and bleeding) in Chinese elders

Study Type (dose)	Subject number (M/F)	Age in yr	Study duration	Inclusion/Ex-clusion criteria	Conclusion	Title
Observations (75-100 mg/d)	80 (58/22)	50-70	1 yr	Coronary artery disease with the use of LDA, and then follow-up for 1 yr	Gastric ulcer/duodenum ulcer (%) 37.5/28.8	Gastrointestinal mucosal injury of long-time aspirin use in patients with coronary artery disease[41]
Cross sectional comparison	39 (21/17)	54-80	01/2016-01/2017. NA	Ulcer	Aspirin use is associated with more bleeding	Clinical analysis of gastrointestinal bleeding with LDA in elderly patients[42]
The association of upper GI bleeding and aspirin use	(60/27)	> 55	05/2013-05/2015	Upper GI bleeding and whether used aspirin 1 wk before	Aspirin group has higher gastroduodenal ulcer rate	Study of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly patients treated with aspirin[43]
The association of length of aspirin use and upper GI damages	120 (75/45)	< 65	01/2009-01/2014	LDS use. < 4 mo, 4-12 mo, and > 12 mo	More than 4 mo use of LDA is associated with upper gastrointestinal ulcer	Gastroscopy analysis of upper gastrointestinal damage in patients using aspirin with different periods[44]
Aspirin/Clopidogrel and upper GI bleeding in PCI patients in 1 yr	343 PCI (244/99)	31-79	06/2016-06/2018	PCI, and use of aspirin 100 mg/Clopidogrel 75 mg	7% bleeding rate in 1 yr	Risk evaluations of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from aspirin with clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention after 1 yr[45]
The role of aspirin in upper GI bleeding	40 (29/11)	> 60	2012-2014	Upper GI bleeding with or without LDA use	LDA is associated with higher gastroduodenal ulcer	Clinical study of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly people treated with aspirin[46]
The association of long-term LDA (> 2 mo) and upper GI bleeding.	84 (37/47)	47-69	Not specified	Cardiovascular patients using LDA for the treatment, not using PPI for the experimental group, no bleeding for the control group	More gastroduodenal ulcer in bleeding group (47.6%) than the control group (9.5%)	42 cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with the use of LDA[47]

LDA: Low-dose aspirin; M: Male; F: Female; PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; GI: Gastrointestinal.

Table 2 Non-use of aspirin and incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Study type (dose)	Subject number (M/F)	Age in yr	Study duration	Inclusion/Ex-clusion criteria	Conclusion	Title
Comparison of using or non-using LDA in bleeding in elders	76 (40/36)	> 65	10/2015-11/2017	Gastric ulcer	45% LDA users with upper gastrointestinal bleeding vs only 8% without the use	Clinical study of gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly patients with the use of LDA[48]
Interventional study of LDA in the upper GI bleeding	112 (71/41)	Mean 62.3	03/2010-05/2012	LDA use (100 mg) and upper GI bleeding	Stop the use of LDA, but use other drug lead stop of bleeding 69/112 in 3 d	Clinical analysis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from aspirin use[49]

LDA: low-dose aspirin; M: Male; F: Female; GI: Gastrointestinal.