Neural metabolic activity in idiopathic tinnitus patients after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants

	Tinnitus	Control	P-value
Age (yr)	44-72 (51.8 ± 10.6)	44-71(51.7 ± 9.3)	0.8611
Gender (M/F)	6/5	6/5	1.0002
Education (yr)	3-12 (7.1 ± 2.6)	4-14 (8.6 ± 2.9)	0.3412
Tinnitus duration (yr)	5.91 ± 6.46	NA	NA
Average threshold (dB HL)	37.16 ± 24.39	NA	NA
Tinnitus severity
THI score	36-80 (57.8 ± 20.6)	NA	NA
VAS score	0-4 (1.4 ± 1.9)	NA	NA
Tinnitus laterality
Left	3	NA	NA
Right	4	NA	NA
Both	3	NA	NA
Center of head	1	NA	NA

¹Two-sample t-tests; ²Fisher’s exact test. NA: Not applicable; THI: Tinnitus handicap inventory; VAS: Visual analogue score.

Table 2 Regional brain area in tinnitus patients compared with control subjects

Brain region (AAL)	MNI coordinates of the peak voxel(mm)			Voxel size (mm3)	Peak T value
	X	Y	Z
Right inferior temporal gyrus	49.5	-12	-31.5	27	42.75
Right parahippocampa gyrus	19.5	-3	-24	71	45.87
Right rectal gyrus	6	34.5	-22.5	68	44.19
Left middle frontal gyrus	-19.5	36	-16.5	20	40.31
Left rectus gyrus	-9	16.5	-15	22	36.64
Left frontal Med Orb	-7.5	43.5	-10.5	13	38.57
Right hippocampus	24	-31.5	0	23	40.41
Right inferior frontal gyrus	43.5	24	3	14	36.51
Left middle frontal gyrus	-4.5	48	30	21	36.88

Table 3 Significant brain area between idiopathic tinnitus patients at baseline and after therapy

Brain region (AAL)	MNI coordinates of the peak voxel(mm)			Voxel size (mm3)	Peak T value
	X	Y	Z
Increased neural activity
Right parahippocampa gyrus	30	16.5	-36	32	3.88
Right insula	42	-12	-3	127	4.12
Right superior temporal gyrus	-45	-18	9	15	3.45
Left inferior parietal lobule	-36	-43.5	24	24	3.91
Right Superior frontal gyrus	25.5	-7.5	73.5	55	3.87
Left precentral gyrus	-39	-18	66	47	4.63
Left insula	-45	-18	9	42	3.45
Decreased neural activity
Left postcentral gyrus	61.5	-31.5	40.5	52	-5.84
Left inferior temporal gyrus	-61.5	-27	-21	24	-3.56