Instant evaluation of contrast enhanced endoscopic ultrasound helps to differentiate various solid pancreatic lesions in daily routine

Table 1 Patient characteristics

	Hypoenhanced lesions	Hyperenhanced lesions	Σ
Patient age (yr)	72.1 ± 6.7	66.7 ± 15.3	66.5 ± 12.5
Gender (m/f)	23/19	9/4	32/23
Lesion size (mm)	34.8 ± 13.7	36.0 ± 15.6	35.1 ± 14.0
Peak signal intensity (db)	6.1 ± 3.2	39.0 ± 13.0

db: Decibel.

Table 2 Statistics

	Peak intensity (db)	Sensitivity	Specifity	PPV	NPV
Hypoenhanced lesions
Adenocarcinoma (all in healthy pancreas)	5.7 ± 2.5	100%	100%	100%	100%
Chronic pancreatitis lesions	6.0 ± 3.0	100%	23.30%	13%	100%
Hyperenhanced lesions
Acute inflammatory lesions	34.0 ± 11.9	100%	79.10%	30.80%	81.70%
Neoplastic lesions	32.1 ± 10.2	20.90%	55.50%	69.20%	12.80%

PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value; db: Decibel.

Table 3 Quantitative analysis of different perfusion parameters

Lesion	AT lesion (s)	AT non-lesion (s)	TTP lesion (s)	TTP non-lesion (s)	AUC lesion (db × s)	AUC non-lesion (db × s)	PI lesion (db)	PI non-lesion (db)
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	11.70 ± 3.87	11.49 ± 3.26	20.58 ± 4.89	22.41 ± 6.52	238.52 ± 150.63	912.34 ± 359.40	5.77 ± 2.54	21.6 ± 8.6
	(n = 25/34)	(n = 31/34)	(n = 25/34)	(n = 31/34)	(n = 25/34)	(n = 31/34)	(n = 34/34)	(n = 34/34)
Chronic pancreatitis	11.92 ± 4.61	11 ± 1.00	22.42 ± 4.83	22.33 ± 1.52	424.41 ± 188.83	681.96 ± 216.22	13.5 ± 12.0	22.0 ± 5.8
	(n = 4/8)	(n = 6/8)	(n = 4/8)	(n = 6/8)	(n = 4/8)	(n = 6/8)	(n = 8/8)	(n = 8/8)
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma	10.2 ± 1.98	10.0 ± 1.41	22.00 ± 1.41	20.50 ± 0.70	1410.80 ± 535.56	855.55 ± 190.14	31 ± 8.3	20.3 ± 7.5
	(n = 3)	(n = 3)	(n = 3)	(n = 3)	(n = 3)	(n = 3)	(n = 3/3)	(n = 3/3)
Metastases (RCC / LC)	10.00 ± 2.82	10.5 ± 2.12	30 ± 14.14	31.00 ± 15.55	2941.95 ± 1067.51	1081.40 ± 1096.43	56.0 ± 5.6	31.5 ± 2.1
	(n = 2/2)	(n = 2/2)	(n = 2/2)	(n = 2/2)	(n = 2/2)	(n = 2/2)	(n = 2/2)	(n = 2/2)
Immune-pancreatitis	12	12	21	22	77032	6036	28	16
	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)
Lymphoma	6	8	11	19	1570.7	913.1	45	28
	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)
Insulinoma	13	13	23	23	721.0	802.0	16	18
	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)	(n = 1)

AT: Arrival time; TTP: Time to peak intensity; AUC: Area under the curve; PI: Peak intensity; RCC: Renal cell carcinoma; LC: Lung cancer; db: Decibel.