Mandatory meningococcal vaccine, and other recommended immunisations: Uptake, barriers, and facilitators among health care workers and trainees at Hajj

Table 1 Characteristics of the participants and their vaccine uptakes n (%)

		No. of participants	Meningococcal vaccine			Influenza vaccine			Pneumococcal vaccine
			Uptake	OR1 (95%CI)	P	Uptake	OR1 (95%CI)	P	Uptake	OR1 (95%CI)	P
All
All Participants		138 (100)	105 (76.1)			94 (68.1)			19 (13.8)
Gender
Male		98 (71)	69 (70.4)	1.0 (ref)		61 (62.2)	1.0 (ref)		14 (14.3)	1.0 (ref)
Female		40 (29)	36 (90)	3.8 (1.2-11.6)	0.01a	33 (82.5)	2.9 (1.1-7.1)	0.02a	5 (12.5)	0.9 (0.3-2.6)	0.78
Occupation
Students		57 (41.3)	41 (71.9)	1.0 (ref)		36 (63.2)	1.0 (ref)		7 (12.3)	1.0 (ref)
Non-student		81 (58.7)	64 (79)	1.5 (0.7-3.2)	0.34a	58 (71.6)	1.5 (0.7-3.0)	0.29a	12 (14.8)	1.2 (0.5-3.4)	0.67
	Allied HCW	15 (10.8)	11 (73.3)			8 (53.3)			0 (0)
	Nurse	39 (28.3)	31 (79.5)			28 (71.8)			7 (17.9)
	Pharmacist	5 (3.6)	4 (80)			5 (100)			1 (20)
	Physician	22 (15.9)	18 (81.8)			17 (77.3)			4 (18.2)
Hajj attendance
First time		47 (34.1)	34 (72.3)	1.0 (ref)		34 (72.3)	1.0 (ref)		9 (19.1)	1.0 (ref)
Not first time		91 (65.9)	71 (78)	1.4 (0.6-3.0)	0.46	60 (65.9)	0.7 (0.3-1.6)	0.45	10 (11)	0.5 (0.2-1.4)	0.19
	2 to 5 times	65 (47.1)	49 (75.4)			39 (60)			8 (12.8)
	> 5 times	26 (18.8)	22 (84.6)			21 (80.8)			2 (7.7)
Risk group
Not at risk		125 (91.9)	94 (75.2)	1.0 (ref)		83 (66.4)	1.0 (ref)		16 (12.8)	1.0 (ref)
At risk		11 (8.1)	9 (81.8)	1.5 (0.3-7.5)	0.62	9 (81.8)	2.3 (0.5-11)	0.29	3 (27.3)	2.6 (0.6-10.6)	0.18

¹For calculating OR, those who were “unsure” about their vaccination status were considered unvaccinated.

^aStatistically significant. OR: Odds ratio; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval; ref: Reference value.