Stroke and sleep-disordered breathing: A relationship under construction

Table 1 Sleep-related parameters in 161 consecutive patients with first-ever stroke included in the "Sagrat Cor Hospital of Barcelona Stroke Registry"[5]

Data	Transient ischemic attack (n = 39)	Ischemic stroke (n = 112)	Hemorrhagic stroke (n = 10)	Total (n = 161)
Age, yr, mean (SD)	67.9 (10.1)	72.5 (8.9)	73 (10.5)	72 (9)
Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD)	27.3 (4.6)	26.2 (3.7)	26.7 (2.6)	26.6 (3.9)
Epworth sleepiness scale, score, mean (SD)	47 (3.3)	4.9 (3.3)	4.3 (2.1)	4.8 (3.3)
AHI, mean (SD)	19.4 (16.7)	21.5 (15.7)	25 (11.9)	21.2 (15.7)
OAI, mean (SD)	5.9 (10.2)	3.9 (7.8)	5.4 (6.7)	4.5 (8.4)
CAI, mean (SD)	3.32 (7.9)a	5.9 (10.1)	11.1 (15.1)a	5.6 (10.1)
Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern, n (%)	8 (20.5)	31 (27.7)	3 (30)	42 (26.1)
AHI, n (%)
> 10	24 (61.5)	83 (74.1)	9 (90)	116 (72)
> 30	10 (25.6)	31 (27.7)	4 (40)	45 (27.9)
CT90%, mean (SD)	8.2 (13.1)	8.1 (17.8)	5.7 (7.1)	7.8 (15.7)

CAI: Central apnea index; AHI: Apnea-hypopnea index; OAI: Obstructive apnea index; CT90%: Percentage of time below 90% arterial oxygen saturation; TIA: Transient ischemic attack.

^aP = 0.03 between CAI of TIA patients and CAI of patients with hemorrhagic stroke.

Table 2 Variables independently associated with different sleep-disordered breathing in a clinical series of 68 patients with first-ever lacunar infarction[8]

Model	β	SE (β)	OR (95%CI)	P value
AHI ≥ 10
Topography in the internal capsule or pons or smoking	1.153	0.576	3.17 (1.02-9.79)	0.045
AHI ≥ 20
Smoking and topography in the internal capsule or pons	2.225	1.111	9.25 (1.05-81.70)	0.045
AHI ≥ 30
Smoking	2.977	1.255	19.64 (1.68-229.85)	0.018
Body mass index	0.520	0.203	1.68 (1.13-2.50)	0.010

AHI: Apnea-hypopnea index; SE: Standard error.