Delayed postpancreatectomy hemorrhage as the role of endovascular approach: Four case reports

Table 1 Clinical and treatment characteristics of patients

Patient/Sex/Age	Diagnosis	Operation	Bleeding POD	Bleeding location	PSAN	PSAN size	Pancreatic fistula	Fistula grade	Bleeding presentation	Treatment
Case 1/F/52	Insulinoma	Insulinoma enucleation	7	GDA	-	-	+	B	Hypotension and febrile state	Endovascular GDA embolization, relaparotomy
Case 2/M/46	Chronic pancreatitis	Pancreato-duodenectomy	16	GDA	+	7 mm	+	B	Abdominal pain, drainage tube hemorrhage	Relaparotomy, endovascular GDA embolization
Case 3/M/82	Neuroendocrine tumor	Spleen preserving pancreatectomy	57	SA	+	14 mm	+	B	Hematemesis, abdominal pain	Endovascular SA embolization, CT guided drainage
Case 4/F/62	Insulinoma	Pancreato-duodenectomy (Whipple)	43	SA	+	18 mm	+	B	Hematemesis	Endovascular SA embolization

F: Female; M: Male; POD: Postoperative day; GDA: Gastroduodenal artery; SA: Splenic artery; PSAN: Pseudoaneurysms; CT: Computed tomography.